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https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-framework
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65 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
65 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
# Email Sending
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SilverStripe's test system has built-in support for testing emails sent using the Email class.
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## How it works
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For this to work, you need to send emails using the `Email` class, which is generally the way that we recommend you
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send emails in your SilverStripe application. Here is a simple example of how you might do this:
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:::php
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$e = new Email();
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$e->To = "someone@example.com";
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$e->Subject = "Hi there";
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$e->Body = "I just really wanted to email you and say hi.";
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$e->send();
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Normally, the send() method would send an email using PHP's mail() function. However, if you are running a `[api:SapphireTest]`
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test, then it holds off actually sending the email, and instead lets you assert that an email was sent using this method.
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:::php
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$this->assertEmailSent("someone@example.com", null, "/th.*e$/");
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The arguments are `$to`, `$from`, `$subject`, `$body`, and can be take one of the following three forms:
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* A string: match exactly that string
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* `null/false`: match anything
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* A PERL regular expression (starting with '/'): match that regular expression
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## How to use it
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Given all of that, there is not a lot that you have to do in order to test emailing functionality in your application.
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* Write your SilverStripe application, using the Email class to send emails.
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* Write tests that trigger the email sending functionality.
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* Include appropriate `$this->assertEmailSent()` calls in those tests.
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That's it!
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## What isn't tested
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It's important to realise that this email testing doesn't actually test everything that there is to do with email. The
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focus of this email testing system is testing that your application is triggering emails correctly. It doesn't test
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your email infrastructure outside of the webserver. For example:
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* It won't test that email is correctly configured on your webserver
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* It won't test whether your emails are going to be lost in someone's spam filter
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* It won't test bounce-handling or any other auxiliary services of email
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## How it's built
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For those of you who want to dig a little deeper, here's a quick run-through of how the system has been built. As well
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as explaining how we built the email test, this is a good design pattern for making other "tricky external systems"
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testable:
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1. The `Email::send()` method makes uses of a static object, `Email::$mailer`, to do the dirty work of calling
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mail(). The default mailer is an object of type `Mailer`, which performs a normal send.
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2. `Email::set_mailer()` can be called to load in a new mailer object.
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3. `SapphireTest::setUp()` method calls `Email::set_mailer(new TestMailer())` to replace the default mailer with a `TestMailer` object. This replacement mailer doesn't actually do anything when it is asked to send an email; it just
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records the details of the email in an internal field that can be searched with `TestMailer::findEmails()`.
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4. `SapphireTest::assertEmailSent()` calls `TestMailer::findEmails()` to see if a mail-send was requested by the
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application.
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