11 KiB
Widgets
Introduction
Widgets are small pieces of functionality such as showing the latest Comments or Flickr Photos. They normally display on the sidebar of your website. To check out a what a Widget can do watch the Widget video and try out the demo site
How to Use A Widget
Downloading and Contributing Widgets
- To download widgets visit Widgets section
- Upload widgets you want to share to http://silverstripe.org/widgets/manage/add. Make sure you read the packaging instructions at the bottom of the page about how to make your widget package.
Installing a widget
By following the "Packaging" rules below, widgets are easily installed.
- Install the blog module (by default only the Blog has widgets enabled)
- Download the file and unzip to the main folder of your SilverStripe website, e.g. to
/widget_<widget-name>/. The folder will contain a few files, which generally won't need editing or reading. - Run
http://my-website.com/dev/build - Login to the CMS and go to the 'Blog' page. Choose the "widgets" tab and drag n drop the new widget to activate it.
- Your blog will now have the widget shown
Adding widgets to other pages
You have to do a couple things to get a Widget to work on a page.
First step is to add an WidgetArea to the Database to store the widget details. Then you have to edit the CMS to add a Widget Form to manage the widgets. An example of this is below
mysite/code/Page.php
:::php
class Page extends SiteTree {
...
static $has_one = array(
"Sidebar" => "WidgetArea",
);
public function getCMSFields() {
$fields = parent::getCMSFields();
$fields->addFieldToTab("Root.Content.Widgets", new WidgetAreaEditor("Sidebar"));
return $fields;
}
....
}
Then in your Template you need to call $SideBar wherever you want to render the widget
For example: using the blackcandy theme I put this piece of code above the closing </div>
themes/blackcandy/templates/Includes/Sidebar.ss
:::ss
$Sidebar
Writing your own widgets
To create a Widget you need at least three files - a php file containing the class, a template file of the same name and a config file called _config.php (if you dont need any config options for the widget to work then you can make it blank). Each widget should be in its own folder like widgets_widgetName/
After installing or creating a new widget, make sure to run db/build?flush=1 at the end of the URL, before attempting to use it.
The class should extend the Widget class, and must specify three static variables - $title, the title that will appear in the rendered widget (eg Photos), $cmsTitle, a more descriptive title that will appear in the cms editor (eg Flickr Photos), and $description, a short description that will appear in the cms editor (eg This widget shows photos from Flickr). The class may also specify functions to be used in the template like a page type can.
If a Widget has configurable options, then it can specify a number of database fields to store these options in via the static $db array, and also specify a getCMSFields function that returns a !FieldList, much the same way as a page type does.
An example widget is below:
FlickrWidget.php
:::php
<?php
class FlickrWidget extends Widget {
static $db = array(
"User" => "Varchar",
"Photoset" => "Varchar",
"Tags" => "Varchar",
"NumberToShow" => "Int"
);
static $defaults = array(
"NumberToShow" => 8
);
static $title = "Photos";
static $cmsTitle = "Flickr Photos";
static $description = "Shows flickr photos.";
public function Photos() {
Requirements::javascript(THIRDPARTY_DIR . "/prototype/prototype.js");
Requirements::javascript(THIRDPARTY_DIR . "/scriptaculous/effects.js");
Requirements::javascript("mashups/javascript/lightbox.js");
Requirements::css("mashups/css/lightbox.css");
$flickr = new FlickrService();
if($this->Photoset == "") {
$photos = $flickr->getPhotos($this->Tags, $this->User, $this->NumberToShow, 1);
} else {
$photos = $flickr->getPhotoSet($this->Photoset, $this->User, $this->NumberToShow, 1);
}
$output = new DataObjectSet();
foreach($photos->PhotoItems as $photo) {
$output->push(new ArrayData(array(
"Title" => $photo->title,
"Link" => "http://farm1.static.flickr.com/" . $photo->image_path .".jpg",
"Image" => "http://farm1.static.flickr.com/" .$photo->image_path. "_s.jpg"
)));
}
return $output;
}
public function getCMSFields() {
return new FieldList(
new TextField("User", "User"),
new TextField("PhotoSet", "Photo Set"),
new TextField("Tags", "Tags"),
new NumericField("NumberToShow", "Number to Show")
);
}
}
?>
FlickrWidget.ss
:::php
<% control Photos %>
<a href="$Link" rel="lightbox" title="$Title"><img src="$Image" alt="$Title" /></a>
<% end_control %>
Extending and Customizing
Rendering a $Widget Individually
To call a single Widget in a page - without adding a widget area in the CMS for you to add / delete the widgets, you can define a merge variable in the Page Controller and include it in the Page Template.
This example creates an RSSWidget with the SilverStripe blog feed.
:::php
<?php
public function SilverStripeFeed() {
$widget = new RSSWidget();
$widget->RssUrl = "http://feeds.feedburner.com/silverstripe-blog";
return $widget->renderWith("WidgetHolder");
}
?>
To render the widget, simply include $SilverStripeFeed in your template:
:::ss
$SilverStripeFeed
As directed in the definition of SilverStripeFeed(), the Widget will be rendered through the WidgetHolder template. This
is pre-defined at framework/templates/WidgetHolder.ss and simply consists of:
:::ss
<div class="WidgetHolder">
<h3>$Title</h3>
$Content
</div>
You can override the WidgetHolder.ss and Widget.ss templates in your theme too by adding WidgetHolder and Widget
templates to themes/myThemeName/templates/Includes/
Changing the title of your widget
To change the title of your widget, you need to override the Title() method. By default, this simply returns the $title variable. For example, to set your widgets title to 'Hello World!', you could use:
widgets_yourWidget/YourWidgetWidget.php
:::php
public function Title() {
return "Hello World!";
}
but, you can do exactly the same by setting your $title variable.
A more common reason for overriding Title() is to allow the title to be set in the CMS. Say you had a text field in your widget called WidgetTitle, that you wish to use as your title. If nothing is set, then you'll use your default title. This is similar to the RSS Widget in the blog module.
:::php
public function Title() {
return $this->WidgetTitle ? $this->WidgetTitle : self::$title;
}
This returns the value inputted in the CMS, if it's set or what is in the $title variable if it isn't.
Forms within Widgets
To implement a form inside a widget, you need to implement a custom controller for your widget to return this form. Make
sure that your controller follows the usual naming conventions, and it will be automatically picked up by the
[api:WidgetArea] rendering in your Page.ss template.
mysite/code/MyWidget.php
:::php
class MyWidget extends Widget {
static $db = array(
'TestValue' => 'Text'
);
}
class MyWidget_Controller extends Widget_Controller {
public function MyFormName() {
return new Form(
$this,
'MyFormName',
new FieldList(
new TextField('TestValue')
),
new FieldList(
new FormAction('doAction')
)
);
}
public function doAction($data, $form) {
// $this->widget points to the widget
}
}
To output this form, modify your widget template.
mysite/templates/MyWidget.ss
:::ss
$Content
$MyFormName
See an alternative recipe for SilverStripe 2.3 or earlier.
But what if I have widgets on my blog currently??
If you currently have a blog installed, the widget fields are going to double up on those pages (as the blog extends the
Page class). One way to fix this is to comment out line 30 in BlogHolder.php and remove the DB entry by running a
http://www.mysite.com/db/build.
blog/code/BlogHolder.php
:::php
<?php
class BlogHolder extends Page {
........
static $has_one = array(
// "SideBar" => "WidgetArea", COMMENT OUT
'Newsletter' => 'NewsletterType'
.......
public function getCMSFields() {
$fields = parent::getCMSFields();
$fields->removeFieldFromTab("Root.Content","Content");
// $fields->addFieldToTab("Root.Content.Widgets", new WidgetAreaEditor("SideBar")); COMMENT OUT
........
Then you can use the Widget area you defined on Page.php
Releasing Your Widget
Packaging
For a widget to be put in our official widget database they must follow this convention - If the name of your widget was "YourName" then:
File Structure for your widget
You should have a folder called widget_YourName in the top level (the one with framework, cms..) with all your files. See the example below. Your widget MUST have at least 1 Template file, 1 PHP file, the README File (Example)and an _config.php file for configuration. If you dont need any config options for the widget to work then you still need an _config.php by you can make it blank
The decision over whether to configure a widget in _config.php or in the CMS is important:
- If the setting is the kind of thing that a website author, familiar with common business apps such as Word and Outlook, would understand - then make it configurable in the CMS.
- If the setting is the kind of thing that the person setting up the website - doing the design and/or development - would understand, then make it configurable in the _config.php file.
This way, the CMS remains an application designed for content authors, and not developers.
widget_name/_config.php
:::php
<?php /* */ ?>
Example Widget Structure
How to make the Package
- Make a tar.gz file called widgets_YourName-0.1.tar.gz (where 0.1 is the version number).
- Ensure when you "unzip" the compressed file it has everything the "widgets_YourName" folder with everything inside it.
- If made official, it will be given these locations at silverstripe.com: