silverstripe-framework/docs/en/02_Developer_Guides/02_Controllers/05_Middlewares.md

title: HTTP Middlewares summary: Create objects for modifying request and response objects across controllers.

HTTP Middlewares

HTTP Middlewares allow you to put code that will run before or after. These might be used for authentication, logging, caching, request processing, and many other purposes. Note this interface replaces the SilverStripe 3 interface, [api:RequestFilter], which still works but is deprecated.

To create a middleware class, implement SilverStripe\Control\HTTPMiddleware and define the process(HTTPRequest $request, callbale $delegate) method. You can do anything you like in this method, but to continue normal execution, you should call $response = $delegate($request) at some point in this method.

In addition, you should return an HTTPResponse object. In normal cases, this should be the $response object returned by $delegate, perhaps with some modification. However, sometimes you will deliberately return a different response, e.g. an error response or a redirection.

mysite/code/CustomMiddleware.php

:::php
<?php

use SilverStripe\Control\Middleware\HTTPMiddleware

class CustomMiddleware implements HTTPMiddleware {

    public $Secret = 'SECRET';

	public function process(HTTPRequest $request, callable $delegate) {

        // You can break execution by not calling $delegate.
        if ($request->getHeader('X-Special-Header') !== $this->Secret) {
            return new HTTPResponse('You missed the special header', 400);
        }

        // You can modify the request before 
        // For example, this might force JSON responses
        $request->addHeader('Accept', 'application/json');

        // If you want normal behaviour to occur, make sure you call $delegate($request)
        $response = $delegate($request);

        // You can modify the response after it has been generated
        $response->addHeader('X-Middleware-Applied', 'CustomMiddleware')

        // Don't forget to the return the response!
        return $response;
	}
}

Once you have created your middleware class, you must attach it to the Director config to make use of it.

Global middleware

By adding the service or class name to the Director::Middlewares property via injector, array, a middleware will be executed on every request:

mysite/_config/app.yml

:::yml
---
Name: myrequestprocessors
After:
  - requestprocessors
---
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
  SilverStripe\Control\Director:
    properties:
      Middlewares:
        CustomMiddleware: %$CustomMiddleware

Because these are service names, you can configure properties into a custom service if you would like:

mysite/_config/app.yml

:::yml
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
  SilverStripe\Control\Director:
    properties:
      Middlewares:
        CustomMiddleware: %$ConfiguredMiddleware
  ConfiguredMiddleware:
   class: 'CustomMiddleware'
   properties:
     Secret: "DIFFERENT-ONE"

Route-specific middleware

Alternatively, you can apply middlewares to a specific route. These will be processed after the global middlewares. You can do this by using the RequestHandlerMiddlewareAdapter class as a replacement for your controller, and register it as a service with a Middlewares property. The controller which does the work should be registered under the RequestHandler property.

mysite/_config/app.yml

:::yml
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
  SpecialRouteMiddleware:
    class: SilverStripe\Control\Middleware\RequestHandlerMiddlewareAdapter
    properties
      RequestHandler: %$MyController
      Middlewares:
        - %$CustomMiddleware
        - %$AnotherMiddleware
SilverStripe\Control\Director:
  rules:
    special\section:
      Controller: SpecialRouteMiddleware

API Documentation

• [api:SilverStripe\Control\HTTPMiddleware]