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55 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
55 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Model Validation and Constraints
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summary: Validate your data at the model level
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icon: check-square
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---
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# Validation and Constraints
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Traditionally, validation in SilverStripe has been mostly handled on the controller through [form validation](../forms).
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While this is a useful approach, it can lead to data inconsistencies if the record is modified outside of the
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controller and form context.
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Most validation constraints are actually data constraints which belong on the model. SilverStripe provides the
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[DataObject::validate()](api:SilverStripe\ORM\DataObject::validate()) method for this purpose.
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By default, there is no validation - objects are always valid! However, you can overload this method in your DataObject
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sub-classes to specify custom validation, or use the `validate` hook through a [DataExtension](api:SilverStripe\ORM\DataExtension).
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Invalid objects won't be able to be written - a [ValidationException](api:SilverStripe\ORM\ValidationException) will be thrown and no write will occur.
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It is expected that you call `validate()` in your own application to test that an object is valid before attempting a
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write, and respond appropriately if it isn't.
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The return value of `validate()` is a [ValidationResult](api:SilverStripe\ORM\ValidationResult) object.
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```php
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use SilverStripe\ORM\DataObject;
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class MyObject extends DataObject
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{
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private static $db = [
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'Country' => 'Varchar',
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'Postcode' => 'Varchar'
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];
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public function validate()
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{
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$result = parent::validate();
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if($this->Country == 'DE' && $this->Postcode && strlen($this->Postcode) != 5) {
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$result->addError('Need five digits for German postcodes');
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}
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return $result;
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}
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}
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```
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## API Documentation
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* [DataObject](api:SilverStripe\ORM\DataObject)
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* [ValidationResult](api:SilverStripe\ORM\ValidationResult);
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