silverstripe-framework/docs/en/topics/controller.md
2012-12-07 08:15:53 +13:00

4.3 KiB

Controller

Base controller class. You will extend this to take granular control over the actions and url handling of aspects of your SilverStripe site.

Example

The following example is for a simple [api:Controller] class. If you're using the cms module and looking at Page_Controller instances you won't need to setup your own routes since the cms module handles these routes.

mysite/code/Controllers/FastFood.php

:::php
<?php

class FastFood_Controller extends Controller {
    public function order($arguments) {
        print_r($arguments);
    }
}

mysite/_config/routes.yml

:::yaml
---
Name: myroutes
After: framework/routes#coreroutes
---
Director:
  rules:
    'fastfood/$Action/$ID/$Name': 'FastFood_Controller'

Request for /fastfood/order/24/cheesefries would result in the following to the $arguments above. If needed, use ?flush=1 on the end of request after making any code changes to your controller.

:::ss
Array
(
    [Action] => order
    [ID] => 24
    [Name] => cheesefries
)

URL Handling

In the above example the URLs were configured using the [api:Director] rules in the routes.yml file. Alternatively you can specify these in your Controller class via the $url_handlers static array (which gets processed by the [api:RequestHandler]).

This is useful when you want to subvert the fixed action mapping of fastfood/order/* to the function order. In the case below we also want any orders coming through /fastfood/drivethrough/ to use the same order function.

mysite/code/Controllers/FastFood.php

:::php
class FastFood_Controller extends Controller {
    
    public static $url_handlers = array(
        'drivethrough/$Action/$ID/$Name' => 'order'
    );

URL Patterns

The [api:RequestHandler] class will parse all rules you specify against the following patterns.

A rule must always start with alphabetical ([A-Za-z]) characters or a $Variable declaration

Pattern Description
$ Param Variable - Starts the name of a paramater variable, it is optional to match this unless ! is used
! Require Variable - Placing this after a parameter variable requires data to be present for the rule to match
// Shift Point - Declares that only variables denoted with a $ are parsed into the $params AFTER this point in the regex

Examples

See maetl's article in the Links below of a detailed explanation.

$Action/$ID/$OtherID - Standard URL handler for a Controller. Take whatever URLSegment it is set to, find the Action to match a function in the controller, and parse two optional $param variables that will be named ID and OtherID.

admin/help//$Action/$ID - Match an url starting with /admin/help/, but don't include /help/ as part of the action (the shift point is set to start parsing variables and the appropriate controller action AFTER the //)

tag/$Tag! - Match an URL starting with /tag/ after the controller's URLSegment and require it to have something after it. If the URLSegment is order then /order/tag/34 and /order/tag/asdf match but /order/tag/ will not

You can use the debug_request=1 switch from the urlvariabletools to see these in action.

Redirection

Controllers facilitate HTTP redirection.

Note: These methods have been formerly located on the [api:Director] class.

  • redirect("action-name"): If there's no slash in the URL passed to redirect, then it is assumed that you want to go to a different action on the current controller.
  • redirect("relative/url"): If there is a slash in the URL, it's taken to be a normal URL. Relative URLs will are assumed to be relative to the site-root.
  • redirect("http://www.absoluteurl.com"): Of course, you can pass redirect() absolute URLs too.
  • redirectBack(): This will return you to the previous page.

The redirect() method takes an optional HTTP status code, either 301 for permanent redirects, or 302 for temporary redirects (default).

API Documentation

[api:Controller]