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Tips & Tricks | Miscellaneous useful tips for working with your GraphQL schema |
Tips & Tricks
[info] You are viewing docs for silverstripe/graphql 4.x. If you are using 3.x, documentation can be found in the github repository [/info]
Debugging the generated code
By default, the generated PHP code is put into obfuscated classnames and filenames to prevent poisoning the search
tools within IDEs. Without this, you can search for something like "Page" in your IDE and get both a generated GraphQL
type (probably not what you want) and a SiteTree
subclass (more likely what you want) in the results and have no easy way
of differentiating between the two.
When debugging, however, it's much easier if these classnames are human-readable. To turn on debug mode, add DEBUG_SCHEMA=1
to your environment file. The classnames and filenames in the generated code directory will then match their type names.
[warning]
Take care not to use DEBUG_SCHEMA=1
as an inline environment variable to your build command, e.g.
DEBUG_SCHEMA=1 vendor/bin/sake dev/graphql/build
because any activity that happens at run time, e.g. querying the schema
will fail, since the environment variable is no longer set.
[/warning]
In live mode, full obfuscation kicks in and the filenames become unreadable. You can only determine the type they map
to by looking at the generated classes and finding the // @type:<typename>
inline comment, e.g. // @type:Page
.
This obfuscation is handled by the NameObfuscator
interface.
There are various implementations:
NaiveNameObfuscator
: Filename/Classname === Type name (debug only)HybridNameObfuscator
: Filename/Classname is a mix of the typename and a md5 hash (default).HashNameObfuscator
: Filename/Classname is a md5 hash of the type name (non-dev only).
Getting the type name for a model class
Often times, you'll need to know the name of the type given a class name. There's a bit of context to this.
Getting the type name from within your app
If you need the type name during normal execution of your app, e.g. to display in your UI, you can rely on the cached typenames, which are persisted alongside your generated schema code.
SchemaBuilder::singleton()->read('default')->getTypeNameForClass($className);
Persisting queries
A common pattern in GraphQL APIs is to store queries on the server by an identifier. This helps save on bandwidth, as the client doesn't need to put a fully expressed query in the request body - they can use a simple identifier. Also, it allows you to whitelist only specific query IDs, and block all other ad-hoc, potentially malicious queries, which adds an extra layer of security to your API, particularly if it's public.
To implement persisted queries, you need an implementation of the
PersistedQueryMappingProvider
interface.
By default three are provided, which cover most use cases:
FileProvider
: Store your queries in a flat JSON file on the local filesystem.HTTPProvider
: Store your queries on a remote server and reference a JSON file by URL.JSONStringProvider
: Store your queries as hardcoded JSON
Configuring query mapping providers
All of these implementations can be configured through Injector
.
[notice]
Note that each schema gets its own set of persisted queries. In these examples, we're using the default
schema.
[/notice]
FileProvider
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\PersistedQueryMappingProvider:
class: SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\FileProvider
properties:
schemaMapping:
default: '/var/www/project/query-mapping.json'
A flat file in the path /var/www/project/query-mapping.json
should contain something like:
{"someUniqueID":"query{validateToken{Valid Message Code}}"}
[notice] The file path must be absolute. [/notice]
HTTPProvider
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\PersistedQueryMappingProvider:
class: SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\HTTPProvider
properties:
schemaMapping:
default: 'http://example.com/myqueries.json'
A flat file at the URL http://example.com/myqueries.json
should contain something like:
{"someUniqueID":"query{readMembers{Name+Email}}"}
JSONStringProvider
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\PersistedQueryMappingProvider:
class: SilverStripe\GraphQL\PersistedQuery\HTTPProvider
properties:
schemaMapping:
default: '{"myMutation":"mutation{createComment($comment:String!){Comment}}"}'
The queries are hardcoded into the configuration.
Requesting queries by identifier
To access a persisted query, simply pass an id
parameter in the request in lieu of query
.
GET http://example.com/graphql?id=someID
[notice]
Note that if you pass query
along with id
, an exception will be thrown.
[/notice]
Query caching (Caution: EXPERIMENTAL)
The QueryCachingMiddleware
class is
an experimental cache layer that persists the results of a GraphQL
query to limit unnecessary calls to the database. The query cache is automatically expired when any
DataObject
that it relies on is modified. The entire cache will be discarded on ?flush
requests.
To implement query caching, add the middleware to your QueryHandler
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
SilverStripe\GraphQL\QueryHandler\QueryHandlerInterface.default:
class: SilverStripe\GraphQL\QueryHandler\QueryHandler
properties:
Middlewares:
cache: '%$SilverStripe\GraphQL\Middleware\QueryCachingMiddleware'
And you will also need to apply the QueryRecorderExtension extension to all DataObjects:
SilverStripe\ORM\DataObject:
extensions:
- SilverStripe\GraphQL\Extensions\QueryRecorderExtension
[warning] This feature is experimental, and has not been thoroughly evaluated for security. Use at your own risk. [/warning]
Schema introspection
Some GraphQL clients such as Apollo require some level of introspection
into the schema. The SchemaTranscriber
class will persist this data to a static file in an event
that is fired on completion of the schema build. This file can then be consumed by a client side library
like Apollo. The silverstripe/admin
module is built to consume this data and expects it to be in a
web-accessible location.
{
"data":{
"__schema":{
"types":[
{
"kind":"OBJECT",
"name":"Query",
"possibleTypes":null
}
// etc ...
]
}
}
}
By default, the file will be stored in public/_graphql/
. Files are only generated for the silverstripe/admin
module.
If you need these types for your own uses, add a new handler:
SilverStripe\Core\Injector\Injector:
SilverStripe\EventDispatcher\Dispatch\Dispatcher:
properties:
handlers:
graphqlTranscribe:
on: [ graphqlSchemaBuild.mySchema ]
handler: '%$SilverStripe\GraphQL\Schema\Services\SchemaTranscribeHandler'
This handler will only apply to events fired in the mySchema
context.