mirror of
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-framework
synced 2024-10-22 14:05:37 +02:00
279 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
279 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
# Forms
|
|
|
|
## Introduction
|
|
|
|
Form is the base class of all forms in a sapphire application. Forms in your application can be created either by
|
|
instantiating the Form class itself, or by subclassing it.
|
|
|
|
## Instantiating a form
|
|
|
|
Creating a form is a matter of defining a method to represent that form. This method should return a form object. The
|
|
constructor takes the following arguments:
|
|
|
|
* `$controller`: This must be the controller that contains the form.
|
|
* `$name`: This must be the name of the method on that controller that is called to return the form. The first two
|
|
fields allow the form object to be re-created after submission. **It's vital that they are properly set - if you ever
|
|
have problems with form action handler not working, check that these values are correct.**
|
|
* `$fields`: A `[api:FieldSet]`s that make up the editable portion of the form.
|
|
* `$actions`: A `[api:FieldSet]`s that make up the control portion of the form - the buttons at the bottom.
|
|
* `$validator`: An optional `[api:Validator]` for more information.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
function MyCustomForm() {
|
|
$fields = new FieldSet(
|
|
new EmailField("Email"),
|
|
new EncryptField("Password")
|
|
);
|
|
$actions = new FieldSet(new FormAction("login", "Log in"));
|
|
return new Form($this, "MyCustomForm", $fields, $actions);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Subclassing a form
|
|
|
|
It's the reponsibility of your subclass' constructor to call
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
parent::__construct()
|
|
|
|
with the right parameters. You may choose to take $fields and $actions as arguments if you wish, but $controller and
|
|
$name must be passed - their values depend on where the form is instantiated.
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
class MyForm extends Form {
|
|
function __construct($controller, $name) {
|
|
$fields = new FieldSet(
|
|
new EmailField("Email"),
|
|
new EncryptedField("Password")
|
|
);
|
|
$actions = new FieldSet(new FormAction("login", "Log in"));
|
|
|
|
parent::__construct($controller, $name, $fields, $actions);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The real difference, however, is that you can then define your controller methods within the form class itself.
|
|
## Form Field Types
|
|
|
|
There are many classes extending `[api:FormField]`. Some examples:
|
|
|
|
* `[api:TextField]`
|
|
* `[api:EmailField]`
|
|
* `[api:NumericField]`
|
|
* `[api:DateField]`
|
|
* `[api:CheckboxField]`
|
|
* `[api:DropdownField]`
|
|
* `[api:OptionsetField]`
|
|
* `[api:CheckboxSetField]`
|
|
|
|
Full overview at [form-field-types](/reference/form-field-types)
|
|
|
|
### Using Form Fields
|
|
|
|
To get these fields automatically rendered into a form element, all you need to do is create a new instance of the
|
|
class, and add it to the fieldset of the form.
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$form = new Form(
|
|
$controller = $this,
|
|
$name = "SignupForm",
|
|
$fields = new FieldSet(
|
|
new TextField(
|
|
$name = "FirstName",
|
|
$title = "First name"
|
|
),
|
|
new TextField("Surname"),
|
|
new EmailField("Email", "Email address"),
|
|
),
|
|
$actions = new FieldSet(
|
|
// List the action buttons here
|
|
new FormAction("signup", "Sign up")
|
|
),
|
|
$requiredFields = new RequiredFields(
|
|
// List the required fields here: "Email", "FirstName"
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
|
|
You'll note some of the fields are optional.
|
|
|
|
Implementing the more complex fields requires extra arguments.
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$form = new Form(
|
|
$controller = $this,
|
|
$name = "SignupForm",
|
|
$fields = new FieldSet(
|
|
// List the your fields here
|
|
new TextField(
|
|
$name = "FirstName",
|
|
$title = "First name"
|
|
),
|
|
new TextField("Surname"),
|
|
new EmailField("Email", "Email address")
|
|
new DropdownField(
|
|
$name = "Country",
|
|
$title = "Country (if outside nz)",
|
|
$source = Geoip::getCountryDropDown(),
|
|
$value = Geoip::visitor_country()
|
|
)
|
|
), new FieldSet(
|
|
// List the action buttons here
|
|
new FormAction("signup", "Sign up")
|
|
|
|
), new RequiredFields(
|
|
// List the required fields here: "Email", "FirstName"
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Readonly
|
|
|
|
Readonly on a Form
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$myForm->makeReadonly();
|
|
|
|
|
|
Readonly on a FieldSet
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$myFieldSet->makeReadonly();
|
|
|
|
|
|
Readonly on a FormField
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$myReadonlyField = $myField->transform(new ReadonlyTransformation());
|
|
// shortcut
|
|
$myReadonlyField = $myField->performReadonlyTransformation();
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Using a custom template
|
|
|
|
*Required Silverstripe 2.3 for some displayed functionality*
|
|
|
|
You can use a custom form template to render with, instead of *Form.ss*
|
|
|
|
It's recommended you only do this if you've got a lot of presentation text, graphics that surround the form fields. This
|
|
is better than defining those as *LiteralField* objects, as it doesn't clutter the data layer with presentation junk.
|
|
|
|
First of all, you need to create your form on it's own class, that way you can define a custom template using a `forTemplate()` method on your Form class.
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
class MyForm extends Form {
|
|
|
|
function __construct($controller, $name) {
|
|
$fields = new FieldSet(
|
|
new TextField('FirstName', 'First name'),
|
|
new EmailField('Email', 'Email address')
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
$actions = new FieldSet(
|
|
new FormAction('submit', 'Submit')
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
parent::__construct($controller, $name, $fields, $actions);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function forTemplate() {
|
|
return $this->renderWith(array(
|
|
$this->class,
|
|
'Form'
|
|
));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function submit($data, $form) {
|
|
// do stuff here
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
`forTemplate()` tells the Form class to render with a template of return value of `$this->class`, which in this case
|
|
is *MyForm*, the name of the class. If the template doesn't exist, then it falls back to using Form.ss
|
|
|
|
*MyForm.ss* should then be placed into your *templates/Includes* directory for your project. Here is an example of
|
|
basic customisation:
|
|
|
|
:::ss
|
|
<form $FormAttributes>
|
|
<% if Message %>
|
|
<p id="{$FormName}_error" class="message $MessageType">$Message</p>
|
|
<% else %>
|
|
<p id="{$FormName}_error" class="message $MessageType" style="display: none"></p>
|
|
<% end_if %>
|
|
|
|
<fieldset>
|
|
<div id="FirstName" class="field text">
|
|
<label class="left" for="$FormName_FirstName">First name</label>
|
|
$dataFieldByName(FirstName)
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="Email" class="field email">
|
|
<label class="left" for="$FormName_Email">Email</label>
|
|
$dataFieldByName(Email)
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
$dataFieldByName(SecurityID)
|
|
</fieldset>
|
|
|
|
<% if Actions %>
|
|
<div class="Actions">
|
|
<% control Actions %>$Field<% end_control %>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<% end_if %>
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
`$dataFieldByName(FirstName)` will return the form control contents of `Field()` for the particular field object, in
|
|
this case `TextField->Field()` or `EmailField->Field()` which returns an `<input>` element with specific markup
|
|
for the type of field. Pass in the name of the field as the first parameter, as done above, to render it into the
|
|
template.
|
|
|
|
To find more methods, have a look at the Form class, as there is a lot of different methods of customising the form
|
|
templates, for example, you could use `<% control Fields %>` instead of specifying each field manually, as we've done
|
|
above.
|
|
|
|
### Securing forms against Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
|
|
|
|
SilverStripe tries to protect users against *Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)* by adding a hidden *SecurityID*
|
|
parameter to each form. See [secure-development](/topics/security) for details.
|
|
|
|
### Remove existing fields
|
|
|
|
If you want to remove certain fields from your subclass:
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
class MyCustomForm extends MyForm {
|
|
function __construct($controller, $name) {
|
|
parent::__construct($controller, $name);
|
|
|
|
// remove a normal field
|
|
$this->fields->removeByName('MyFieldName');
|
|
|
|
// remove a field from a tab
|
|
$this->fields->removeFieldFromTab('TabName', 'MyFieldName');
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Working with tabs
|
|
|
|
Adds a new text field called FavouriteColour next to the Content field in the CMS
|
|
|
|
:::php
|
|
$fields->addFieldToTab('Root.Content.Main', new TextField('FavouriteColour'), 'Content');
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Related
|
|
|
|
* [form-field-types](/reference/form-field-types)
|
|
* `[api:FormField]` class
|
|
* [multiform module](http://silverstripe.org/multi-form-module)
|
|
|
|
## API Documentation
|
|
|
|
`[api:Form]` |