codeplay/CodePlay.WebAPI/Middleware/GlobalExceptionHandler.cs

using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;

namespace CodePlay.WebAPI.Middleware;

/// <summary>
/// 全局异常处理中间件
/// </summary>
public class GlobalExceptionHandler
{
    private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
    private readonly ILogger<GlobalExceptionHandler> _logger;
    
    public GlobalExceptionHandler(RequestDelegate next, ILogger<GlobalExceptionHandler> logger)
    {
        _next = next;
        _logger = logger;
    }
    
    public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
    {
        try
        {
            await _next(context);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            await HandleExceptionAsync(context, ex);
        }
    }
    
    private async Task HandleExceptionAsync(HttpContext context, Exception exception)
    {
        var response = context.Response;
        response.ContentType = "application/json";
        
        var errorResponse = new ErrorResponse
        {
            RequestId = context.TraceIdentifier,
            Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
            Path = context.Request.Path,
            Method = context.Request.Method
        };
        
        switch (exception)
        {
            case UnauthorizedAccessException:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized;
                errorResponse.Code = "UNAUTHORIZED";
                errorResponse.Message = "未授权访问";
                _logger.LogWarning(exception, "未授权访问尝试");
                break;
                
            case ArgumentException argumentEx:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.BadRequest;
                errorResponse.Code = "BAD_REQUEST";
                errorResponse.Message = argumentEx.Message;
                _logger.LogWarning(exception, "参数验证失败");
                break;
                
            case KeyNotFoundException:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
                errorResponse.Code = "NOT_FOUND";
                errorResponse.Message = "资源不存在";
                _logger.LogWarning(exception, "资源未找到");
                break;
                
            case InvalidOperationException invalidEx:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Conflict;
                errorResponse.Code = "CONFLICT";
                errorResponse.Message = invalidEx.Message;
                _logger.LogWarning(exception, "操作无效");
                break;
                
            case TimeoutException:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.GatewayTimeout;
                errorResponse.Code = "TIMEOUT";
                errorResponse.Message = "请求超时";
                _logger.LogError(exception, "请求超时");
                break;
                
            default:
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;
                errorResponse.Code = "INTERNAL_ERROR";
                errorResponse.Message = "服务器内部错误";
                _logger.LogError(exception, "未处理的异常");
                break;
        }
        
        var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
        {
            PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase,
            WriteIndented = true
        };
        
        var jsonResponse = JsonSerializer.Serialize(errorResponse, options);
        await response.WriteAsync(jsonResponse);
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// 错误响应模型
/// </summary>
public class ErrorResponse
{
    public string RequestId { get; set; } = "";
    public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
    public string Code { get; set; } = "";
    public string Message { get; set; } = "";
    public string Path { get; set; } = "";
    public string Method { get; set; } = "";
    public Dictionary<string, string>? Details { get; set; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 中间件扩展
/// </summary>
public static class GlobalExceptionHandlerExtensions
{
    public static IApplicationBuilder UseGlobalExceptionHandler(this IApplicationBuilder app)
    {
        return app.UseMiddleware<GlobalExceptionHandler>();
    }
}