From e170a6ca514522e64a035072ef839cff5e1cc238 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: mtvpls <247332661+mtvpls@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 00:00:53 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?anime4k=E8=B6=85=E5=88=86=E4=BD=BF=E7=94=A8?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E8=87=AA=E7=AE=A1=E7=90=86=E7=9A=84=20WebGPU=20=E6=B8=B2?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9F=93=E5=99=A8=E5=85=BC=E5=AE=B9firefox?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src/app/play/page.tsx | 205 +++--------------------------
 src/lib/anime4k.ts    | 299 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 318 insertions(+), 186 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/lib/anime4k.ts

diff --git a/src/app/play/page.tsx b/src/app/play/page.tsx
index 50512b2..dfd7213 100644
--- a/src/app/play/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/play/page.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { useRouter, useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';
 import { Suspense, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 
 import { isAnimeCategoryText } from '@/lib/anime-keyword-expr';
+import { createAnime4KRenderer } from '@/lib/anime4k';
 import { getAuthInfoFromBrowserCookie } from '@/lib/auth';
 import {
   clearDanmakuCacheByTitle,
@@ -3913,7 +3914,6 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
   const initAnime4K = async () => {
     if (!artPlayerRef.current?.video) return;
 
-    let frameRequestId: number | null = null; // 在外层声明，以便错误处理中使用
     let outputCanvas: HTMLCanvasElement | null = null; // 在外层声明，以便错误处理中清理
 
     try {
@@ -3948,29 +3948,18 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
         throw new Error('无法获取视频尺寸');
       }
 
-      // 检查视频是否正在播放
-      console.log('视频播放状态:', {
-        paused: video.paused,
-        ended: video.ended,
-        readyState: video.readyState,
-        currentTime: video.currentTime,
-      });
-
-      // 检测是否为Firefox
-      const isFirefox = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().includes('firefox');
-      console.log('浏览器检测:', isFirefox ? 'Firefox' : 'Chrome/Edge/其他');
+      // 使用用户选择的超分倍数
+      const scale = anime4kScaleRef.current;
 
       // 创建输出canvas（显示给用户的）
       outputCanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
       const container = artPlayerRef.current.template.$video.parentElement;
 
-      // 使用用户选择的超分倍数
-      const scale = anime4kScaleRef.current;
-      outputCanvas.width = Math.floor(video.videoWidth * scale);  // 确保是整数
+      outputCanvas.width = Math.floor(video.videoWidth * scale); // 确保是整数
       outputCanvas.height = Math.floor(video.videoHeight * scale);
 
       // 验证outputCanvas尺寸
-      console.log('outputCanvas尺寸:', outputCanvas.width, 'x', outputCanvas.height);
+      console.log('输出Canvas尺寸:', outputCanvas.width, 'x', outputCanvas.height);
       if (!outputCanvas.width || !outputCanvas.height ||
         !isFinite(outputCanvas.width) || !isFinite(outputCanvas.height)) {
         throw new Error(`outputCanvas尺寸无效: ${outputCanvas.width}x${outputCanvas.height}, scale: ${scale}`);
@@ -3987,77 +3976,16 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
       // 确保canvas背景透明，避免Firefox中的渲染问题
       outputCanvas.style.backgroundColor = 'transparent';
 
-      // Firefox兼容性处理：创建中间canvas
-      let sourceCanvas: HTMLCanvasElement | null = null;
-      let sourceCtx: CanvasRenderingContext2D | null = null;
-
-      if (isFirefox) {
-        // Firefox的WebGPU不支持直接使用HTMLVideoElement
-        // 使用标准HTMLCanvasElement（更好的兼容性）
-        sourceCanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
-
-        // 获取视频尺寸并记录
-        const videoW = video.videoWidth;
-        const videoH = video.videoHeight;
-        console.log('Firefox：准备创建canvas - 视频尺寸:', videoW, 'x', videoH);
-
-        // 设置canvas尺寸
-        const canvasW = Math.floor(videoW);
-        const canvasH = Math.floor(videoH);
-        console.log('Firefox：计算后的canvas尺寸:', canvasW, 'x', canvasH);
-
-        sourceCanvas.width = canvasW;
-        sourceCanvas.height = canvasH;
-
-        // 立即验证赋值结果
-        console.log('Firefox：Canvas创建后立即检查:');
-        console.log('  - sourceCanvas.width:', sourceCanvas.width);
-        console.log('  - sourceCanvas.height:', sourceCanvas.height);
-        console.log('  - 赋值是否成功:', sourceCanvas.width === canvasW && sourceCanvas.height === canvasH);
-
-        // 验证sourceCanvas尺寸
-        if (!sourceCanvas.width || !sourceCanvas.height ||
-          !isFinite(sourceCanvas.width) || !isFinite(sourceCanvas.height)) {
-          throw new Error(`sourceCanvas尺寸无效: ${sourceCanvas.width}x${sourceCanvas.height}`);
-        }
-
-        if (sourceCanvas.width !== canvasW || sourceCanvas.height !== canvasH) {
-          throw new Error(`sourceCanvas尺寸赋值异常: 期望 ${canvasW}x${canvasH}, 实际 ${sourceCanvas.width}x${sourceCanvas.height}`);
-        }
-
-        sourceCtx = sourceCanvas.getContext('2d', {
-          willReadFrequently: true,
-          alpha: false  // 禁用alpha通道，提高性能
-        });
-
-        if (!sourceCtx) {
-          throw new Error('无法创建2D上下文');
-        }
-
-        // 先绘制一帧到canvas，确保有内容
-        if (video.readyState >= video.HAVE_CURRENT_DATA) {
-          sourceCtx.drawImage(video, 0, 0, sourceCanvas.width, sourceCanvas.height);
-          console.log('Firefox：已绘制初始帧到sourceCanvas');
-        }
-
-        console.log('Firefox检测：使用HTMLCanvasElement中转方案');
-      }
-
-      // 在outputCanvas上监听点击事件，触发播放器的暂停/播放切换
-      const handleCanvasClick = () => {
+      outputCanvas.addEventListener('click', () => {
         if (artPlayerRef.current) {
           artPlayerRef.current.toggle();
         }
-      };
-      outputCanvas.addEventListener('click', handleCanvasClick);
-
-      // 在outputCanvas上监听双击事件，触发全屏切换
-      const handleCanvasDblClick = () => {
+      });
+      outputCanvas.addEventListener('dblclick', () => {
         if (artPlayerRef.current) {
           artPlayerRef.current.fullscreen = !artPlayerRef.current.fullscreen;
         }
-      };
-      outputCanvas.addEventListener('dblclick', handleCanvasDblClick);
+      });
 
       // 隐藏原始video元素（使用opacity而不是display:none以保持视频解码）
       // Firefox在display:none时可能会停止视频解码，导致黑屏
@@ -4069,20 +3997,8 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
       // 插入outputCanvas到容器
       container.insertBefore(outputCanvas, video);
 
-      // Firefox兼容性：创建视频帧捕获循环
-      if (isFirefox && sourceCtx && sourceCanvas) {
-        const captureVideoFrame = () => {
-          if (sourceCtx && sourceCanvas && video.readyState >= video.HAVE_CURRENT_DATA) {
-            sourceCtx.drawImage(video, 0, 0, sourceCanvas.width, sourceCanvas.height);
-          }
-          frameRequestId = requestAnimationFrame(captureVideoFrame);
-        };
-        captureVideoFrame();
-        console.log('Firefox：视频帧捕获循环已启动');
-      }
-
       // 动态导入 anime4k-webgpu 及对应的模式
-      const { render: anime4kRender, ModeA, ModeB, ModeC, ModeAA, ModeBB, ModeCA } = await import('anime4k-webgpu');
+      const { ModeA, ModeB, ModeC, ModeAA, ModeBB, ModeCA } = await import('anime4k-webgpu');
 
       let ModeClass: any;
       const modeName = anime4kModeRef.current;
@@ -4110,66 +4026,23 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
           ModeClass = ModeA;
       }
 
-      // 使用anime4k-webgpu的render函数
-      // Firefox使用sourceCanvas，其他浏览器直接使用video
-      const renderConfig: any = {
-        video: isFirefox ? sourceCanvas : video, // Firefox使用canvas中转，其他浏览器直接使用video
-        canvas: outputCanvas,
-        pipelineBuilder: (device: GPUDevice, inputTexture: GPUTexture) => {
-          if (!outputCanvas) {
-            throw new Error('outputCanvas is null in pipelineBuilder');
-          }
-          const mode = new ModeClass({
-            device,
-            inputTexture,
-            nativeDimensions: {
-              width: Math.floor(video.videoWidth),  // 确保是整数
-              height: Math.floor(video.videoHeight),
-            },
-            targetDimensions: {
-              width: Math.floor(outputCanvas.width),  // 确保是整数
-              height: Math.floor(outputCanvas.height),
-            },
-          });
-          return [mode];
-        },
-      };
-
+      // 使用自管理的 WebGPU 渲染器。内部自动处理各浏览器的帧源差异：
+      // 直接从 <video> 拷贝（Chrome/Edge），或退回 createImageBitmap 中转（Firefox）。
       console.log('开始初始化Anime4K渲染器...');
-      console.log('输入源:', isFirefox ? 'HTMLCanvasElement (Firefox兼容)' : 'video (原生)');
       console.log('视频尺寸:', video.videoWidth, 'x', video.videoHeight);
       console.log('输出Canvas尺寸:', outputCanvas.width, 'x', outputCanvas.height);
-      console.log('nativeDimensions:', Math.floor(video.videoWidth), 'x', Math.floor(video.videoHeight));
-      console.log('targetDimensions:', Math.floor(outputCanvas.width), 'x', Math.floor(outputCanvas.height));
 
-      // Firefox调试：检查sourceCanvas状态
-      if (isFirefox && sourceCanvas) {
-        console.log('sourceCanvas详细信息:');
-        console.log('  - width:', sourceCanvas.width, 'height:', sourceCanvas.height);
-        console.log('  - clientWidth:', sourceCanvas.clientWidth, 'clientHeight:', sourceCanvas.clientHeight);
-        console.log('  - offsetWidth:', sourceCanvas.offsetWidth, 'offsetHeight:', sourceCanvas.offsetHeight);
-
-        // 尝试读取一个像素，确认canvas有内容
-        if (sourceCtx) {
-          try {
-            const imageData = sourceCtx.getImageData(0, 0, 1, 1);
-            console.log('  - 像素数据可读:', imageData.data.length > 0);
-          } catch (err) {
-            console.error('  - 无法读取像素数据:', err);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      const controller = await anime4kRender(renderConfig);
+      const controller = await createAnime4KRenderer({
+        video,
+        canvas: outputCanvas,
+        scale,
+        pipelineClass: ModeClass,
+      });
       console.log('Anime4K渲染器初始化成功');
 
       anime4kRef.current = {
         controller,
         canvas: outputCanvas,
-        sourceCanvas: isFirefox ? sourceCanvas : null,
-        frameRequestId: isFirefox ? frameRequestId : null,
-        handleCanvasClick,
-        handleCanvasDblClick,
       };
       syncAnime4KCanvasFlip();
 
@@ -4183,11 +4056,6 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
         artPlayerRef.current.notice.show = '超分启用失败：' + (err instanceof Error ? err.message : '未知错误');
       }
 
-      // 停止帧捕获循环
-      if (frameRequestId) {
-        cancelAnimationFrame(frameRequestId);
-      }
-
       // 移除outputCanvas（如果已创建）
       if (outputCanvas && outputCanvas.parentNode) {
         outputCanvas.parentNode.removeChild(outputCanvas);
@@ -4207,49 +4075,14 @@ function PlayPageClient() {
   const cleanupAnime4K = async () => {
     if (anime4kRef.current) {
       try {
-        // 停止帧捕获循环（仅Firefox）
-        if (anime4kRef.current.frameRequestId) {
-          cancelAnimationFrame(anime4kRef.current.frameRequestId);
-          console.log('Firefox：帧捕获循环已停止');
-        }
-
-        // 停止渲染循环
+        // 停止渲染循环并释放 WebGPU 资源
         anime4kRef.current.controller?.stop?.();
 
-        // 移除canvas事件监听器
-        if (anime4kRef.current.canvas) {
-          if (anime4kRef.current.handleCanvasClick) {
-            anime4kRef.current.canvas.removeEventListener('click', anime4kRef.current.handleCanvasClick);
-          }
-          if (anime4kRef.current.handleCanvasDblClick) {
-            anime4kRef.current.canvas.removeEventListener('dblclick', anime4kRef.current.handleCanvasDblClick);
-          }
-        }
-
         // 移除canvas
         if (anime4kRef.current.canvas && anime4kRef.current.canvas.parentNode) {
           anime4kRef.current.canvas.parentNode.removeChild(anime4kRef.current.canvas);
         }
 
-        // 清理sourceCanvas（仅Firefox）
-        if (anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas) {
-          if (anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas instanceof OffscreenCanvas) {
-            // OffscreenCanvas的清理
-            const ctx = anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.getContext('2d');
-            if (ctx) {
-              ctx.clearRect(0, 0, anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.width, anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.height);
-            }
-            console.log('Firefox：OffscreenCanvas已清理');
-          } else {
-            // HTMLCanvasElement的清理
-            const ctx = anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.getContext('2d');
-            if (ctx) {
-              ctx.clearRect(0, 0, anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.width, anime4kRef.current.sourceCanvas.height);
-            }
-            console.log('Firefox：HTMLCanvasElement已清理');
-          }
-        }
-
         anime4kRef.current = null;
 
         // 恢复原始video显示
diff --git a/src/lib/anime4k.ts b/src/lib/anime4k.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5533a84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/anime4k.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+// 自管理 WebGPU 超分渲染器：逐帧从 <video> 取图（必要时经 createImageBitmap 中转）
+// 送入 anime4k-webgpu 管线放大后绘制到 canvas。
+//
+// 参考 Anime4K-WebExtension 的 renderer.ts 实现，解决 Firefox 下
+// copyExternalImageToTexture({ source: DOM video/canvas }) 不可用的问题：
+// Firefox 只可靠支持用 ImageBitmap 作为外部图像源，因此做主循环前先用
+// canCopyExternalImageToTexture() 探测；探测失败则退回 createImageBitmap(video) 路径。
+import type { Anime4KPipeline } from 'anime4k-webgpu';
+
+export interface Anime4KModeConstructor {
+  new (args: {
+    device: GPUDevice;
+    inputTexture: GPUTexture;
+    nativeDimensions: { width: number; height: number };
+    targetDimensions: { width: number; height: number };
+  }): Anime4KPipeline;
+}
+
+export interface Anime4KRendererOptions {
+  video: HTMLVideoElement;
+  canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+  /** 超分倍数，输出尺寸 = 视频原生尺寸 * scale */
+  scale: number;
+  /** Anime4K 模式类，如 anime4k-webgpu 的 ModeA / ModeB ... */
+  pipelineClass: Anime4KModeConstructor;
+}
+
+export interface Anime4KController {
+  stop: () => void;
+}
+
+const fullscreenTexturedQuadWGSL = `
+struct VertexOutput {
+  @builtin(position) Position : vec4<f32>,
+  @location(0) fragUV : vec2<f32>,
+}
+
+@vertex
+fn vert_main(@builtin(vertex_index) VertexIndex : u32) -> VertexOutput {
+  const pos = array(
+    vec2( 1.0,  1.0),
+    vec2( 1.0, -1.0),
+    vec2(-1.0, -1.0),
+    vec2( 1.0,  1.0),
+    vec2(-1.0, -1.0),
+    vec2(-1.0,  1.0),
+  );
+
+  const uv = array(
+    vec2(1.0, 0.0),
+    vec2(1.0, 1.0),
+    vec2(0.0, 1.0),
+    vec2(1.0, 0.0),
+    vec2(0.0, 1.0),
+    vec2(0.0, 0.0),
+  );
+
+  var output : VertexOutput;
+  output.Position = vec4(pos[VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
+  output.fragUV = uv[VertexIndex];
+  return output;
+}
+`;
+
+const sampleExternalTextureWGSL = `
+@group(0) @binding(1) var mySampler: sampler;
+@group(0) @binding(2) var myTexture: texture_2d<f32>;
+
+@fragment
+fn main(@location(0) fragUV : vec2f) -> @location(0) vec4f {
+  return textureSampleBaseClampToEdge(myTexture, mySampler, fragUV);
+}
+`;
+
+/**
+ * 探测当前 WebGPU 实现是否支持把画面拷贝进外部纹理。
+ * Firefox 不支持直接从 DOM video/canvas 拷贝，但支持 ImageBitmap，因此用它决定回退路径。
+ */
+async function canCopyExternalImageToTexture(): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    const adapter = await navigator.gpu.requestAdapter();
+    const device = await adapter?.requestDevice();
+    if (!device) return false;
+
+    const offscreen = new OffscreenCanvas(1, 1);
+    const ctx = offscreen.getContext('2d') as unknown as CanvasRenderingContext2D | null;
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+    ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 1, 1);
+
+    // 用 VideoFrame 探测外部图像拷贝支持：Firefox 的 WebGPU（wgpu）不支持把
+    // VideoFrame 作为 copyExternalImageToTexture 源，会抛异常 → 主循环退回 ImageBitmap 路径。
+    // 旧版 TS lib 没有 VideoFrame 类型，运行时取构造器即可。
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    const VideoFrameCtor = (window as any).VideoFrame as unknown;
+    if (typeof VideoFrameCtor !== 'function') return false;
+    const frame = new (VideoFrameCtor as {
+      new (source: CanvasImageSource, opts: { timestamp: number }): ImageBitmap;
+    })(offscreen, { timestamp: 0 });
+
+    const texture = device.createTexture({
+      size: [1, 1],
+      format: 'rgba8unorm',
+      usage: GPUTextureUsage.COPY_DST | GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+    });
+
+    device.queue.copyExternalImageToTexture({ source: frame }, { texture }, [1, 1]);
+
+    frame.close();
+    texture.destroy();
+    device.destroy();
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+export async function createAnime4KRenderer(
+  options: Anime4KRendererOptions
+): Promise<Anime4KController> {
+  const { video, canvas, scale, pipelineClass } = options;
+
+  const srcW = video.videoWidth;
+  const srcH = video.videoHeight;
+  if (!srcW || !srcH) {
+    throw new Error('无法获取视频尺寸');
+  }
+  const outW = Math.floor(srcW * scale);
+  const outH = Math.floor(srcH * scale);
+  if (!outW || !outH || !Number.isFinite(outW) || !Number.isFinite(outH)) {
+    throw new Error(`输出Canvas尺寸无效: ${outW}x${outH}, scale: ${scale}`);
+  }
+
+  const adapter = await navigator.gpu.requestAdapter();
+  if (!adapter) {
+    throw new Error('WebGPU 不支持：无法获取 GPU 适配器');
+  }
+
+  // 与播放页相同：请求尽可能大的 buffer 上限（不超过 2GB），兼容 anime4k 管线的高分辨率纹理
+  const adapterLimits = adapter.limits;
+  const device = await adapter.requestDevice({
+    requiredLimits: {
+      maxBufferSize: Math.min(adapterLimits.maxBufferSize || 2147483648, 2147483648),
+      maxStorageBufferBindingSize: Math.min(
+        adapterLimits.maxStorageBufferBindingSize || 1073741824,
+        1073741824
+      ),
+    },
+  });
+
+  const context = canvas.getContext('webgpu');
+  if (!context) {
+    throw new Error('无法获取 WebGPU canvas 上下文');
+  }
+  const presentationFormat = navigator.gpu.getPreferredCanvasFormat();
+  context.configure({
+    device,
+    format: presentationFormat,
+    alphaMode: 'premultiplied',
+  });
+
+  const inputTexture = device.createTexture({
+    size: [srcW, srcH, 1],
+    format: 'rgba16float',
+    usage:
+      GPUTextureUsage.TEXTURE_BINDING |
+      GPUTextureUsage.COPY_DST |
+      GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+  });
+
+  const pipeline = new pipelineClass({
+    device,
+    inputTexture,
+    nativeDimensions: { width: srcW, height: srcH },
+    targetDimensions: { width: outW, height: outH },
+  });
+
+  // 最终合成：把管线输出纹理贴满 canvas
+  const bindGroupLayout = device.createBindGroupLayout({
+    entries: [
+      { binding: 1, visibility: GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT, sampler: {} },
+      { binding: 2, visibility: GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT, texture: {} },
+    ],
+  });
+  const renderPipeline = await device.createRenderPipelineAsync({
+    layout: device.createPipelineLayout({ bindGroupLayouts: [bindGroupLayout] }),
+    vertex: {
+      module: device.createShaderModule({ code: fullscreenTexturedQuadWGSL }),
+      entryPoint: 'vert_main',
+    },
+    fragment: {
+      module: device.createShaderModule({ code: sampleExternalTextureWGSL }),
+      entryPoint: 'main',
+      targets: [{ format: presentationFormat }],
+    },
+    primitive: { topology: 'triangle-list' },
+  });
+  const sampler = device.createSampler({ magFilter: 'linear', minFilter: 'linear' });
+  const bindGroup = device.createBindGroup({
+    layout: bindGroupLayout,
+    entries: [
+      { binding: 1, resource: sampler },
+      { binding: 2, resource: pipeline.getOutputTexture().createView() },
+    ],
+  });
+
+  const useImageBitmap = !(await canCopyExternalImageToTexture());
+
+  let destroyed = false;
+  let rafId = 0;
+
+  const copyCurrentFrame = async (): Promise<boolean> => {
+    if (destroyed || video.readyState < video.HAVE_CURRENT_DATA || video.paused) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (useImageBitmap) {
+      const bitmap = await createImageBitmap(video);
+      try {
+        device.queue.copyExternalImageToTexture(
+          { source: bitmap },
+          { texture: inputTexture },
+          [srcW, srcH]
+        );
+      } finally {
+        bitmap.close();
+      }
+    } else {
+      device.queue.copyExternalImageToTexture(
+        { source: video },
+        { texture: inputTexture },
+        [srcW, srcH]
+      );
+    }
+
+    const encoder = device.createCommandEncoder();
+    pipeline.pass(encoder);
+    const pass = encoder.beginRenderPass({
+      colorAttachments: [
+        {
+          view: context.getCurrentTexture().createView(),
+          clearValue: { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 },
+          loadOp: 'clear',
+          storeOp: 'store',
+        } as GPURenderPassColorAttachment,
+      ],
+    });
+    pass.setPipeline(renderPipeline);
+    pass.setBindGroup(0, bindGroup);
+    pass.draw(6);
+    pass.end();
+    device.queue.submit([encoder.finish()]);
+
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  const loop = async (): Promise<void> => {
+    if (destroyed) return;
+    try {
+      await copyCurrentFrame();
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (!destroyed) {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+        console.error('[Anime4K] 帧处理失败:', err);
+      }
+    }
+    rafId = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+  };
+  rafId = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+
+  const stop = (): void => {
+    if (destroyed) return;
+    destroyed = true;
+    cancelAnimationFrame(rafId);
+    try {
+      // Anime4KPipeline 接口未声明 destroy，运行时可安全调用
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+      (pipeline as any).destroy?.();
+    } catch {
+      /* 忽略 */
+    }
+    try {
+      inputTexture.destroy();
+    } catch {
+      /* 忽略 */
+    }
+    try {
+      context.unconfigure();
+    } catch {
+      /* 忽略 */
+    }
+    try {
+      device.destroy();
+    } catch {
+      /* 忽略 */
+    }
+  };
+
+  return { stop };
+}
\ No newline at end of file