diff --git a/vnt/src/tun_tap_device/mod.rs b/vnt/src/tun_tap_device/mod.rs
index 246822e..34993ba 100644
--- a/vnt/src/tun_tap_device/mod.rs
+++ b/vnt/src/tun_tap_device/mod.rs
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@ pub fn create_device(config: &Config) -> io::Result<Arc<Device>> {
         if &device_name == DEFAULT_NAME {
             delete_device();
         }
-        Arc::new(Device::new(Some(&device_name), config.tap)?)
+        Arc::new(Device::new(Some(device_name), config.tap)?)
     };
     #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-    let device = Arc::new(Device::new(Some(&config.device_name.clone()))?);
+    let device = Arc::new(Device::new(config.device_name.clone())?);
     #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
     let device = Arc::new(Device::new(
-        &config
+        config
             .device_name
-            .as_ref()
-            .unwrap_or(&DEFAULT_NAME.to_string()),
+            .clone()
+            .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_NAME.to_string()),
         config.tap,
     )?);
     #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/linux/device.rs b/vnt/tun/src/linux/device.rs
index 25568d8..7b2af7d 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/linux/device.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/linux/device.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub struct Device {
 }
 
 impl Device {
-    pub fn new(name: Option<&str>, tap: bool) -> io::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: Option<String>, tap: bool) -> io::Result<Self> {
         let device = unsafe {
             let dev = match name {
                 Some(name) => {
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/macos/device.rs b/vnt/tun/src/macos/device.rs
index eb7ef9f..66bcbbc 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/macos/device.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/macos/device.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub struct Device {
 }
 
 impl Device {
-    pub fn new(name: Option<&str>) -> io::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: Option<String>) -> io::Result<Self> {
         let id = if let Some(name) = name {
             if name.len() > IFNAMSIZ {
                 return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, "name too long"));
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/macos/route.rs b/vnt/tun/src/macos/route.rs
index baab9a7..d4644b1 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/macos/route.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/macos/route.rs
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ pub fn add_route(name: &str, address: Ipv4Addr, netmask: Ipv4Addr) -> io::Result
         "route -n add {} -netmask {} -interface {}",
         address, netmask, name
     );
-    exe_cmd(&cmd)
+    exe_cmd(&cmd)?;
+    Ok(())
 }
 pub fn del_route(name: &str, address: Ipv4Addr, netmask: Ipv4Addr) -> io::Result<()> {
     let cmd = format!(
         "route -n delete {} -netmask {} -interface {}",
         address, netmask, name
     );
-    exe_cmd(&cmd)
+    exe_cmd(&cmd)?;
+    Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/windows/device.rs b/vnt/tun/src/windows/device.rs
index 208e833..a557125 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/windows/device.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/windows/device.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ use crate::device::IFace;
 use crate::windows::{tap, tun};
 use std::io;
 use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
-use std::ops::Deref;
 
 pub enum Device {
     Tap(tap::Device),
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ pub enum Device {
 }
 
 impl Device {
-    pub fn new(name: &str, tap: bool) -> io::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: String, tap: bool) -> io::Result<Self> {
         if tap {
             Ok(Device::Tap(tap::Device::new(name)?))
         } else {
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/windows/tap/mod.rs b/vnt/tun/src/windows/tap/mod.rs
index c157522..7f4d76b 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/windows/tap/mod.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/windows/tap/mod.rs
@@ -52,12 +52,11 @@ unsafe impl Sync for Device {}
 
 impl Device {
     /// 打开设备，设置为TUN模式，激活网卡
-    pub fn new(name_str: &str) -> io::Result<Self> {
-        let name = encode_utf16(name_str);
-        let luid = ffi::alias_to_luid(&name).map_err(|e| {
+    pub fn new(name: String) -> io::Result<Self> {
+        let luid = ffi::alias_to_luid(&encode_utf16(&name)).map_err(|e| {
             io::Error::new(
                 e.kind(),
-                format!("alias_to_luid name={},err={:?}", name_str, e),
+                format!("alias_to_luid name={},err={:?}", name, e),
             )
         })?;
         let guid = ffi::luid_to_guid(&luid)
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ impl Device {
             .map_err(|e| {
                 io::Error::new(
                     e.kind(),
-                    format!("luid_to_guid name={},err={:?}", name_str, e),
+                    format!("luid_to_guid name={},err={:?}", name, e),
                 )
             })?;
         let path = format!(r"\\.\Global\{}.tap", decode_utf16(&guid));
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ impl Device {
             OPEN_EXISTING,
             FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
         )
-        .map_err(|e| io::Error::new(e.kind(), format!("tap name={},err={:?}", name_str, e)))?;
+        .map_err(|e| io::Error::new(e.kind(), format!("tap name={},err={:?}", name, e)))?;
 
         // ep保存tun网卡的IP地址和掩码
         // let mut ep = [0;3];
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ impl Device {
             .map_err(|e| {
                 io::Error::new(
                     e.kind(),
-                    format!("TAP_WIN_IOCTL_CONFIG_TUN name={},err={:?}", name_str, e),
+                    format!("TAP_WIN_IOCTL_CONFIG_TUN name={},err={:?}", name, e),
                 )
             })
             .map_err(|e| io::Error::new(e.kind(), format!("TAP_WIN_IOCTL_GET_MAC,err={:?}", e)))?;
diff --git a/vnt/tun/src/windows/tun/mod.rs b/vnt/tun/src/windows/tun/mod.rs
index 3a01dc5..c95b208 100644
--- a/vnt/tun/src/windows/tun/mod.rs
+++ b/vnt/tun/src/windows/tun/mod.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ unsafe impl Send for Device {}
 unsafe impl Sync for Device {}
 
 impl Device {
-    pub fn new(name: &str) -> io::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: String) -> io::Result<Self> {
         unsafe {
             let library = match Library::new("wintun.dll") {
                 Ok(library) => library,
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ impl Device {
                     ));
                 }
             };
-            let name_utf16 = encode_utf16(name);
+            let name_utf16 = encode_utf16(&name);
             if name_utf16.len() > MAX_POOL {
                 return Err(io::Error::new(
                     io::ErrorKind::Other,