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Review, clean up of CLI documentation
This commit is contained in:
Will Rossiter
Cam Findlay
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commit
397843a49f
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summary: Automate SilverStripe, run cronjobs or sync with other platforms through the sake Command Line Interface.
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summary: Automate SilverStripe, run Cron Jobs or sync with other platforms through the Command Line Interface.
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# Command line usage
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# Command Line
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## Introduction
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SilverStripe can call controllers through commandline `php` just as easily as through a web browser.
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This can be handy to automate tasks with cron jobs, run unit tests and maintenance tasks,
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and a whole bunch of other scripted goodness.
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SilverStripe can call [controllers](../controllers) through a command line interface (CLI) just as easily as through a
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web browser. This can be used to automate tasks with cron jobs, run unit tests, or anything else that needs to interface
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over the command line.
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The main entry point for any command line execution is `cli-script.php`. For example, to run a database rebuild
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from the command line, use this command:
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:::bash
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cd your-webroot/
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php framework/cli-script.php dev/build
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Make sure that your commandline php version uses the same configuration as your webserver (run `php -i` to find out more).
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<div class="notice">
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Your command line php version is likely to use a different configuration as your webserver (run `php -i` to find out
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more). This can be a good thing, your CLI can be configured to use higher memory limits than you would want your website
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to have.
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</div>
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## GET parameters as arguments
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## Sake: SilverStripe Make
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You can add parameters to the command by using normal form encoding.
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All parameters will be available in `$_GET` within SilverStripe.
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Sake is a simple wrapper around `cli-script.php`. It also tries to detect which `php` executable to use if more than one
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are available.
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cd your-webroot/
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php framework/cli-script.php myurl myparam=1 myotherparam=2
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## SAKE: SilverStripe make
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Sake is a simple wrapper around `cli-script.php`. It also tries to detect which `php` executable to use
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if more than one are available.
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**If you are using a debian server:** Check you have the php-cli package installed for sake to work.
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If you get an error when running the command php -v, then you may not have php-cli installed so sake won't work.
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<div class="info" markdown='1'>
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If you are using a debian server: Check you have the php-cli package installed for sake to work. If you get an error
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when running the command php -v, then you may not have php-cli installed so sake won't work.
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</div>
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### Installation
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@ -39,66 +36,65 @@ You can copy the `sake` file into `/usr/bin/sake` for easier access (this is opt
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cd your-webroot/
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sudo ./framework/sake installsake
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Note: This currently only works on unix-like systems, not on Windows.
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<div class="warning">
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This currently only works on UNIX-like systems, not on Windows.
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</div>
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## Configuration
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### Configuration
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Sometimes SilverStripe needs to know the URL of your site, for example, when sending an email. When you're visiting
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your site in a web browser this is easy to work out, but if you're executing scripts on the command-line, it has no way
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of knowing.
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Sometimes SilverStripe needs to know the URL of your site, for example, when sending an email or generating static
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files. When you're visiting your site in a web browser this is easy to work out, but if you're executing scripts on the
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command line, it has no way of knowing.
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To work this out, you should add lines of this form to your [_ss_environment.php](/topics/environment-management) file.
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To work this out, you should add lines of this form to your [_ss_environment.php](/getting_started/environment_management)
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file.
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:::php
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global $_FILE_TO_URL_MAPPING;
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$_FILE_TO_URL_MAPPING['/Users/sminnee/Sites'] = 'http://localhost';
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What the line says is that any Folder under /Users/sminnee/Sites/ can be accessed in a web browser from
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http://localhost. For example, /Users/sminnee/Sites/mysite will be available at http://localhost/mysite.
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The above statement tells SilverStripe that anything executed under the `/Users/sminnee/Sites` directly will have the
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base URL `http://localhost`.
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You can add multiple file to url mapping definitions. The most specific mapping will be used. For example:
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:::php
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global $_FILE_TO_URL_MAPPING;
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$_FILE_TO_URL_MAPPING['/Users/sminnee/Sites'] = 'http://localhost';
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$_FILE_TO_URL_MAPPING['/Users/sminnee/Sites/mysite'] = 'http://mysite.localhost';
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### Usage
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Using this example, /Users/sminnee/Sites/mysite/ would be accessed at http://mysite.localhost/, and
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/Users/sminnee/Sites/othersite/ would be accessed at http://localhost/othersite/
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## Usage
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Sake will either run `./framework/cli-script.php` or `./cli-script.php`, depending on what's available.
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It's particularly useful for running build tasks...
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Sake is particularly useful for running build tasks
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:::bash
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cd /your/site/folder
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sake dev/build "flush=1"
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sake dev/tests/all
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It can also be handy if you have a long running script.
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:::bash
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cd /your/site/folder
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sake dev/tasks/MyReallyLongTask
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### Running processes
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You can use sake to make daemon processes for your application.
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Step 1: Make a task or controller class that runs a loop. Because SilverStripe has memory leaks, you should make the PHP
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process exit when it hits some reasonable memory limit. Sake will automatically restart your process whenever it exits.
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Step 1: Make a task or controller class that runs a loop. To avoid memory leaks, you should make the PHP process exit
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when it hits some reasonable memory limit. Sake will automatically restart your process whenever it exits.
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The other thing you should do is include some appropriate sleep()s so that your process doesn't hog the system. The
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best thing to do is to have a short sleep when the process is in the middle of doing things, and a long sleep when
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doesn't have anything to do.
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Step 2: Include some appropriate sleep()s so that your process doesn't hog the system. The best thing to do is to have
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a short sleep when the process is in the middle of doing things, and a long sleep when doesn't have anything to do.
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This code provides a good template:
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:::php
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<?php
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class MyProcess extends Controller {
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private static $allowed_actions = array(
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@ -119,37 +115,36 @@ This code provides a good template:
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}
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}
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Step 2: Install the "daemon" command-line tool on your server.
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Step 3: Install the "daemon" command-line tool on your server.
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Step 3: Use sake to start and stop your process
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Step 4: Use sake to start and stop your process
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:::bash
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sake -start MyProcess
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sake -stop MyProcess
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<div class="notice">
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Sake stores Pid and log files in the site root directory.
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</div>
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Note that sake processes are currently a little brittle, in that the pid and log
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files are placed in the site root directory, rather than somewhere sensible like
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/var/log or /var/run.
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## GET parameters as arguments
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### Running Regular Tasks With Cron
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You can add parameters to the command by using normal form encoding. All parameters will be available in `$_GET` within
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SilverStripe. Using the `cli-script.php` directly:
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On a unix machine, you can typically run a scheduled task with a [cron job](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron),
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using one of the following command-line calls:
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:::bash
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cd your-webroot/
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php framework/cli-script.php myurl myparam=1 myotherparam=2
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```
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/path/to/site_root/framework/sake dev/tasks/MyTask
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php /path/to/site_root/framework/cli-script.php dev/tasks/MyTask
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```
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Or if you're using `sake`
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If you find that your cron job appears to be retrieving the login screen, then you may need to use `php-cli`
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instead. This is typical of a cPanel-based setup.
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:::bash
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sake myurl "myparam=1&myotherparam=2"
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```
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php-cli /path/to/site_root/framework/cli-script.php dev/tasks/MyTask
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```
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## Running Regular Tasks With Cron
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A good approach to setting up and testing your task to run with cron is:
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On a UNIX machine, you can typically run a scheduled task with a [cron job](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron). You can
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execute any `BuildTask` in SilverStripe as a cron job using `Sake`.
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1. Try running the task via the command-line on your server. `/path/to/site_root/framework/sake dev/tasks/MyTask`
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2. Set up a cron job to run the task every minute. `* * * * * /path/to/site_root/framework/sake dev/tasks/MyTask`
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3. Finally, set the task to run when you want it to. `0 2 * * * /path/to/site_root/framework/sake dev/tasks/MyTask` (2am)
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:::bash
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* * * * * /your/site/folder/sake dev/tasks/MyTask
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