rubyx/lib/risc/assembler.rb

module Risc
  class LinkException < Exception
  end
  # Assemble the object machine into a binary.
  # Assemble first to get positions, then write

  # The assemble function determines the length of an object and then actually
  #  writes the bytes they are pretty much dependant. In an earlier version they were
  #  functions on the objects, but now it has gone to a visitor pattern.

  class Assembler
    include Logging
    log_level :info

    MARKER = 0xA51AF00D

    def initialize( machine , objects)
      @machine = machine
      @objects = objects
      @load_at = 0x8054 # this is linux/arm
    end

    def assemble
      at = 0
      #need the initial jump at 0 and then functions
      @machine.cpu_init.set_position( 0)
      at = @machine.cpu_init.byte_length
      at = assemble_objects( at )
      # and then everything code
      asseble_code_from(  at )
    end

    def asseble_code_from( at )
      @objects.each do |id , objekt|
        next unless objekt.is_a? Parfait::TypedMethod
        log.debug "CODE1 #{objekt.name}"
        # create binary for assembly
        objekt.create_binary if objekt.is_a? Parfait::TypedMethod
        binary = objekt.binary
        Positioned.set_position(binary,at)
        objekt.cpu_instructions.set_position( at + 12) # BinaryCode header
        len = 4 * 14
        at += binary.padded_length
        nekst = binary.next
        while(nekst)
          Positioned.set_position(nekst , at)
          at += binary.padded_length
          nekst = nekst.next
          len += 4 * 16
          #puts "LENGTH #{len}"
        end
        log.debug "CODE2 #{objekt.name} at #{Positioned.position(binary)} len: #{len}"
      end
      at
    end

    def assemble_objects( at )
      at +=  8 # thats the padding
      # want to have the objects first in the executable
      @objects.each do | id , objekt|
        if objekt.is_a? Risc::Label # will get assembled as method.cpu_instructions
          Positioned.set_position(objekt,at)
          next
        end
        next if objekt.is_a? Parfait::BinaryCode
        Positioned.set_position(objekt,at)
        at += objekt.padded_length
      end
      at
    end

    def write_as_string
      # must be same order as assemble
      begin
        return try_write
      rescue LinkException
        # knowing that we fix the problem, we hope to get away with retry.
        retry
      end
    end

    # private method to implement write_as_string. May throw link Exception in which
    # case we try again. Once.
    def try_write
      assemble
      try_write_debug
      try_write_create_binary
      try_write_objects
      try_write_method
      log.debug "Assembled #{stream_position} bytes"
      return @stream.string
    end

    # debugging loop accesses all positions to force an error if it's not set
    def try_write_debug
      all = @objects.values.sort{|a,b| Positioned.position(a) <=> Positioned.position(b)}
      all.each do |objekt|
        next if objekt.is_a?(Risc::Label)
        log.debug "Linked #{objekt.class}(#{objekt.object_id}) at #{Positioned.position(objekt)} / #{objekt.padded_length}"
        Positioned.position(objekt)
      end
    end

    def try_write_create_binary
      # first we need to create the binary code for the methods
      @objects.each do |id , objekt|
        next unless objekt.is_a? Parfait::TypedMethod
        assemble_binary_method(objekt)
      end
      @stream = StringIO.new
      @machine.init.assemble( @stream )
      8.times do
        @stream.write_unsigned_int_8(0)
      end
    end

    def try_write_objects
      #  then the objects , not code yet
      @objects.each do | id, objekt|
        next if objekt.is_a? Parfait::BinaryCode
        next if objekt.is_a? Risc::Label # ignore
        write_any( objekt )
      end
    end

    def try_write_method
      # then write the methods to file
      @objects.each do |id, objekt|
        next unless objekt.is_a? Parfait::BinaryCode
        write_any( objekt )
      end
    end

    # assemble the MethodSource into a stringio
    # and then plonk that binary data into the method.code array
    def assemble_binary_method method
      stream = StringIO.new
      #puts "Method #{method.source.cpu_instructions.to_ac}"
      begin
        #puts "assemble #{method.source.cpu_instructions}"
        method.cpu_instructions.assemble_all( stream )
      rescue => e
        log.debug "Assembly error #{method.name}\n#{method.to_rxf.to_s[0...2000]}"
        raise e
      end
      write_binary_method_to_stream( method, stream)
    end

    def write_binary_method_to_stream(method, stream)
      write_binary_method_checks(method,stream)
      index = 1
      stream.each_byte do |b|
        method.binary.set_char(index , b )
        index = index + 1
      end
    end
    def write_binary_method_checks(method,stream)
      stream.rewind
      length = stream.length
      binary = method.binary
      total_byte_length = method.cpu_instructions.total_byte_length
      log.debug "Assembled code #{method.name} with length #{length}"
      raise "length error #{binary.char_length} != #{total_byte_length}" if binary.char_length <= total_byte_length
      raise "length error #{length} != #{total_byte_length}" if total_byte_length != length
    end

    def write_any obj
      write_any_log( obj ,  "Write")
      if @stream.length != Positioned.position(obj)
        raise "Write #{obj.class} #{obj.object_id} at #{stream_position} not #{Positioned.position(obj)}"
      end
      write_any_out(obj)
      write_any_log( obj ,  "Wrote")
      Positioned.position(obj)
    end

    def write_any_log( obj , at)
      log.debug "#{at} #{obj.class}(#{obj.object_id}) at stream #{stream_position} pos:#{Positioned.position(obj)} , len:#{obj.padded_length}"
    end

    def write_any_out(obj)
      if obj.is_a?(Parfait::Word) or obj.is_a?(Symbol)
        write_String obj
      else
        write_object obj
      end
    end
    # write type of the instance, and the variables that are passed
    # variables ar values, ie int or refs. For refs the object needs to save the object first
    def write_object( object )
      write_object_check(object)
      obj_written = write_object_variables(object)
      log.debug "instances=#{object.get_instance_variables.inspect} mem_len=#{object.padded_length}"
      indexed_written = write_object_indexed(object)
      log.debug "type #{obj_written} , total #{obj_written + indexed_written} (array #{indexed_written})"
      log.debug "Len = #{object.get_length} , inst = #{object.get_type.instance_length}" if object.is_a? Parfait::Type
      pad_after( obj_written + indexed_written  )
      Positioned.position(object)
    end

    def write_object_check(object)
      log.debug "Write object #{object.class} #{object.inspect}"
      unless @objects.has_key? object.object_id
        raise "Object(#{object.object_id}) not linked #{object.inspect}"
      end
    end

    def write_object_indexed(object)
      written = 0
      if( object.is_a? Parfait::List)
        object.each do |inst|
          write_ref_for(inst)
          written += 4
        end
      end
      written
    end

    def write_object_variables(object)
      @stream.write_signed_int_32( MARKER  )
      written = 0 # compensate for the "secrect" marker
      object.get_instance_variables.each do |var|
        inst = object.get_instance_variable(var)
        #puts "Nil for #{object.class}.#{var}" unless inst
        write_ref_for(inst)
        written += 4
      end
      written
    end

    def write_BinaryCode code
        write_String code
    end

    def write_String( string )
      if string.is_a? Parfait::Word
        str = string.to_string
        raise "length mismatch #{str.length} != #{string.char_length}" if str.length != string.char_length
      end
      str = string.to_s if string.is_a? Symbol
      log.debug "#{string.class} is #{string} at #{Positioned.position(string)} length #{string.length}"
      write_checked_string(string , str)
    end

    def write_checked_string(string, str)
      @stream.write_signed_int_32( MARKER  )
      write_ref_for( string.get_type ) #ref
      @stream.write_signed_int_32( str.length  ) #int
      @stream.write str
      pad_after(str.length + 8 ) # type , length   *4 == 12
      log.debug "String (#{string.length}) stream #{@stream.length}"
    end

    def write_Symbol(sym)
      return write_String(sym)
    end

    private

    # write means we write the resulting address straight into the assembler stream
    # object means the object of which we write the address
    def write_ref_for object
      case object
      when nil
        @stream.write_signed_int_32(0)
      when Fixnum
        @stream.write_signed_int_32(object)
      else
        @stream.write_signed_int_32(Positioned.position(object) + @load_at)
      end
    end

    # pad_after is always in bytes and pads (writes 0's) up to the next 8 word boundary
    def pad_after length
      before = stream_position
      pad = Padding.padding_for(length) - 4  # four is for the MARKER we write
      pad.times do
        @stream.write_unsigned_int_8(0)
      end
      after = stream_position
      log.debug "padded #{length} with #{pad} stream #{before}/#{after}"
    end

    # return the stream length as hex
    def stream_position
      @stream.length
    end
  end

  RxFile::Volotile.add(Assembler , [:objects])
end