From b980def84e12ccea248becb56f2b381f4ee4dd9c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Torsten Ruger <torsten@villataika.fi>
Date: Tue, 12 May 2015 15:36:44 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] move space to parfait

Also make the machine the singleton
and space hang off it

Many repercussions, not all fixed in this commit
---
 lib/arm/passes/call_implementation.rb        |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/constant_implementation.rb    |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/get_implementation.rb         |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/main_implementation.rb        |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/return_implementation.rb      |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/save_implementation.rb        |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/set_implementation.rb         |   2 +-
 lib/arm/passes/transfer_implementation.rb    |   2 +-
 lib/elf/object_writer.rb                     |  11 +-
 lib/parfait.rb                               |   1 +
 lib/parfait/class.rb                         |   2 +-
 lib/parfait/space.rb                         |  57 +++++++-
 lib/register/README.md                       |   2 +-
 lib/register/assembler.rb                    |  20 +--
 lib/register/builtin/kernel.rb               |   2 +-
 lib/register/builtin/object.rb               |   2 +-
 lib/register/passes/call_implementation.rb   |   2 +-
 lib/register/passes/return_implementation.rb |   2 +-
 lib/register/passes/set_implementation.rb    |   2 +-
 lib/virtual.rb                               |   1 -
 lib/virtual/README.md                        |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/boot_space.rb                    | 139 -------------------
 lib/virtual/compiler/basic_expressions.rb    |   4 +-
 lib/virtual/compiler/function_expression.rb  |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/compiler/module_expression.rb    |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/constants.rb                     |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/machine.rb                       |  87 +++++++++++-
 lib/virtual/object.rb                        |   4 +-
 lib/virtual/passes/enter_implementation.rb   |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/passes/frame_implementation.rb   |   4 +-
 lib/virtual/passes/get_implementation.rb     |   2 +-
 lib/virtual/passes/send_implementation.rb    |   2 +-
 test/fragments/helper.rb                     |   2 +-
 test/virtual/hello.rb                        |   4 +-
 test/virtual/virtual_helper.rb               |   2 +-
 35 files changed, 185 insertions(+), 195 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 lib/virtual/boot_space.rb

diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/call_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/call_implementation.rb
index 84a344b3..e8e9fb35 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/call_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/call_implementation.rb
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::CallImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::CallImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/constant_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/constant_implementation.rb
index c9b0ee16..4cee17f8 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/constant_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/constant_implementation.rb
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::ConstantImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::ConstantImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/get_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/get_implementation.rb
index 17274162..5ced4a9b 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/get_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/get_implementation.rb
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::GetImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::GetImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/main_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/main_implementation.rb
index d7b1943a..b30c0598 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/main_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/main_implementation.rb
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::MainImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::MainImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/return_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/return_implementation.rb
index 20e067f4..37bb7bd6 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/return_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/return_implementation.rb
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::ReturnImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::ReturnImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/save_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/save_implementation.rb
index 11170f69..73aea7d0 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/save_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/save_implementation.rb
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::SaveImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::SaveImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/set_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/set_implementation.rb
index d07acd17..a1f46e32 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/set_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/set_implementation.rb
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::SetImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::SetImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/arm/passes/transfer_implementation.rb b/lib/arm/passes/transfer_implementation.rb
index 46cfa9d8..534b50fb 100644
--- a/lib/arm/passes/transfer_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/arm/passes/transfer_implementation.rb
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ module Arm
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Arm::TransferImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Arm::TransferImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/elf/object_writer.rb b/lib/elf/object_writer.rb
index cb8b61e6..281c1358 100644
--- a/lib/elf/object_writer.rb
+++ b/lib/elf/object_writer.rb
@@ -16,13 +16,12 @@ module Elf
 
       @text = Elf::TextSection.new(".text")
       @object.add_section @text
-      
+
       @object_space.run_passes
       assembler = Register::Assembler.new(@object_space)
-      set_text assembler.assemble      
+      set_text assembler.assemble
 
-      # for debug add labels to the block positions 
-      blocks = []
+      # for debug add labels to the block positions
       space.classes.values.each do |clazz| 
         clazz.instance_methods.each do |f|
           f.blocks.each do |b|
@@ -51,10 +50,10 @@ module Elf
     end
 
     def save(filename)
-      to = File.open(filename, 'wb') 
+      to = File.open(filename, 'wb')
       @object.write to
       to.close
     end
 
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/lib/parfait.rb b/lib/parfait.rb
index e05d40bd..d51e9692 100644
--- a/lib/parfait.rb
+++ b/lib/parfait.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ require "parfait/array"
 require "parfait/string"
 require "parfait/message"
 require "parfait/frame"
+require "parfait/space"
 
 # Below we define functions (in different classes) that are not part of the run-time
 # They are used for the boot process, ie when this codes executes in the vm that builds salama
diff --git a/lib/parfait/class.rb b/lib/parfait/class.rb
index 6fd20c04..ad3bee29 100644
--- a/lib/parfait/class.rb
+++ b/lib/parfait/class.rb
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ module Parfait
       method = get_instance_method(m_name)
       unless method
         unless( @name == :Object)
-          supr = BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class(@super_class_name)
+          supr = Space.space.get_or_create_class(@super_class_name)
           method = supr.resolve_method(m_name)
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/parfait/space.rb b/lib/parfait/space.rb
index fac48c1b..e2db7ff5 100644
--- a/lib/parfait/space.rb
+++ b/lib/parfait/space.rb
@@ -8,10 +8,63 @@
 # "New" is slightly misleading in that normal operation only ever
 # recycles objects.
 
+require "register/builtin/object"
+
 module Parfait
+  # The Space contains all objects for a program. In functional terms it is a program, but in oo
+  # it is a collection of objects, some of which are data, some classes, some functions
+
+  # The main entry is a function called (of all things) "main", This _must be supplied by the compling
+  # There is a start and exit block that call main, which receives an array of strings
+
+  # While data ususally would live in a .data section, we may also "inline" it into the code
+  # in an oo system all data is represented as objects
+
   class Space < Object
 
-    # ObjectSpace
-    # :each_object, :garbage_collect, :define_finalizer, :undefine_finalizer, :_id2ref, :count_objects
+    def initialize
+      super()
+      @classes = Parfait::Hash.new_object
+      #global objects (data)
+      @objects = []
+      @symbols = []
+      @frames = 100.times.collect{ ::Parfait::Frame.new([],[])}
+      @messages = 100.times.collect{ ::Parfait::Message.new }
+      @next_message = @messages.first
+      @next_frame = @frames.first
+    end
+    attr_reader  :init , :main , :classes , :objects , :symbols,:messages, :next_message , :next_frame
+
+    @@SPACE = { :names => [:classes,:objects,:symbols,:messages, :next_message , :next_frame] ,
+                :types => [Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference]}
+    def layout
+      @@SPACE
+    end
+
+    # Objects are data and get assembled after functions
+    def add_object o
+      return if @objects.include?(o)
+      @objects << o
+      if o.is_a? Symbol
+        @symbols << o
+      end
+    end
+
+    # this is the way to instantiate classes (not BootClass.new)
+    # so we get and keep exactly one per name
+    def get_or_create_class name
+      raise "uups #{name}.#{name.class}" unless name.is_a? Symbol
+      c = @classes[name]
+      unless c
+        c = Class.new_object(name)
+        @classes[name] = c
+      end
+      c
+    end
+    def mem_length
+      padded_words( 5 )
+    end
   end
+  # ObjectSpace
+  # :each_object, :garbage_collect, :define_finalizer, :undefine_finalizer, :_id2ref, :count_objects
 end
diff --git a/lib/register/README.md b/lib/register/README.md
index 0e6693ff..59e7c1a2 100644
--- a/lib/register/README.md
+++ b/lib/register/README.md
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ There is a mechanism for an actual machine (derived class) to generate harware s
 plain ones in this directory don't assemble to binary). Currently there is only the Arm module to actually do
 that.
 
-The elf module is used to generate the actual binary from the final BootSpace. BootSpace is a virtual class representing
+The elf module is used to generate the actual binary from the final Space. Space is a virtual class representing
 all objects that will be in the executable. Other than CompiledMethods, objects get transformed to data.
 
 But CompiledMethods, which are made up of Blocks, are compiled into a stream of bytes, which are the binary code for the
diff --git a/lib/register/assembler.rb b/lib/register/assembler.rb
index 7e6551ec..be0a524a 100644
--- a/lib/register/assembler.rb
+++ b/lib/register/assembler.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Register
     TYPE_INT =  1
     TYPE_BITS = 4
     TYPE_LENGTH = 6
-    
+
     def initialize space
       @space = space
       @objects = {}
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module Register
       begin
         link
         @stream = StringIO.new
-        mid , main = @objects.find{|k,objekt| objekt.is_a?(Virtual::CompiledMethod) and (objekt.name == :__init__ )}
+        #TODOmid , main = @objects.find{|k,objekt| objekt.is_a?(Virtual::CompiledMethod) and (objekt.name == :__init__ )}
         initial_jump = @space.init
         initial_jump.codes.each do |code|
           code.assemble( @stream )
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ module Register
           next if objekt.is_a? Virtual::CompiledMethod
           assemble_object( objekt )
         end
-      rescue LinkException => e
+      rescue LinkException
         # knowing that we fix the problem, we hope to get away with retry.
         retry
       end
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ module Register
     end
 
     def assemble_object obj
-      #puts "Assemble #{obj.class}(#{obj.object_id}) at stream #{(@stream.length).to_s(16)} pos:#{obj.position.to_s(16)} , len:#{obj.mem_length}" 
+      #puts "Assemble #{obj.class}(#{obj.object_id}) at stream #{(@stream.length).to_s(16)} pos:#{obj.position.to_s(16)} , len:#{obj.mem_length}"
       raise "Assemble #{obj.class} at #{@stream.length.to_s(16)} not #{obj.position.to_s(16)}" if @stream.length != obj.position
       clazz = obj.class.name.split("::").last
       send("assemble_#{clazz}".to_sym , obj)
@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ module Register
       assemble_self( hash , [ hash.keys , hash.values ] )
     end
 
-    def assemble_BootSpace(space)
+    def assemble_Space(space)
       assemble_self(space , [space.classes,space.objects, space.symbols,space.messages,space.next_message,space.next_frame] )
     end
 
-    def assemble_BootClass(clazz)
+    def assemble_Class(clazz)
       assemble_self( clazz , [clazz.name , clazz.super_class_name, clazz.instance_methods] )
     end
 
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ module Register
     end
     def add_Array( array )
       # also array has constant overhead, the padded helper fixes it to multiple of 8
-      array.each do |elem| 
+      array.each do |elem|
         add_object(elem)
       end
     end
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ module Register
       add_object(hash.values)
     end
 
-    def add_BootSpace(space)
+    def add_Space(space)
       add_object(space.main)
       add_object(space.classes)
       add_object(space.objects)
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ module Register
       add_object(space.next_frame)
     end
 
-    def add_BootClass(clazz)
+    def add_Class(clazz)
       add_object(clazz.name )
       add_object(clazz.super_class_name)
       add_object(clazz.instance_methods)
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ module Register
     def add_StringConstant(sc)
     end
 
-    private 
+    private
 
     # write means we write the resulting address straight into the assembler stream (ie don't return it)
     # object means the object of which we write the address
diff --git a/lib/register/builtin/kernel.rb b/lib/register/builtin/kernel.rb
index 54426efe..9020a5ee 100644
--- a/lib/register/builtin/kernel.rb
+++ b/lib/register/builtin/kernel.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Builtin
       # so it is responsible for initial setup (and relocation)
       def __init__ context
         function = Virtual::CompiledMethod.new(:__init__ , [] , Virtual::Integer)
-        clazz = Virtual::BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class :Kernel
+        clazz = Virtual::Space.space.get_or_create_class :Kernel
         method = clazz.resolve_method :main
         me = Virtual::Self.new(Virtual::Reference)
         code = Virtual::Set.new(Virtual::Self.new(me.type), me)
diff --git a/lib/register/builtin/object.rb b/lib/register/builtin/object.rb
index 63a60927..16aaf8bb 100644
--- a/lib/register/builtin/object.rb
+++ b/lib/register/builtin/object.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module Builtin
         var_name = get_function.args.first
         return_to = get_function.return_type
 
-        index_function = ::Virtual::BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class(:Object).resolve_method(:index_of)
+        index_function = ::Virtual::Space.space.get_or_create_class(:Object).resolve_method(:index_of)
 #        get_function.push( [me] )
 #        index = get_function.call( index_function )
 
diff --git a/lib/register/passes/call_implementation.rb b/lib/register/passes/call_implementation.rb
index 81b37246..519fab22 100644
--- a/lib/register/passes/call_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/register/passes/call_implementation.rb
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ module Register
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Register::CallImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Register::CallImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/register/passes/return_implementation.rb b/lib/register/passes/return_implementation.rb
index 062a6f36..c77f5d57 100644
--- a/lib/register/passes/return_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/register/passes/return_implementation.rb
@@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ module Register
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Register::ReturnImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Register::ReturnImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/register/passes/set_implementation.rb b/lib/register/passes/set_implementation.rb
index 39a92f06..7672abb5 100644
--- a/lib/register/passes/set_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/register/passes/set_implementation.rb
@@ -42,5 +42,5 @@ module Register
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Register::SetImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Register::SetImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/virtual.rb b/lib/virtual.rb
index b046bea5..e4d24a5b 100644
--- a/lib/virtual.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ require "virtual/slots/slot"
 require "virtual/type"
 require "virtual/object"
 require "virtual/constants"
-require "virtual/boot_space"
 # the passes _are_ order dependant
 require "virtual/passes/send_implementation"
 require "virtual/passes/get_implementation"
diff --git a/lib/virtual/README.md b/lib/virtual/README.md
index 3a2d8d20..3c15c638 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/README.md
+++ b/lib/virtual/README.md
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ also in an similar way that objects have their classes at runtime.
 *Ast* instances get created by the salama-reader gem from source. 
 Here we add compile functions to ast classes and  comile the ast layer into Virtual:: objects
 
-The main objects are BootSpace (lots of objects), BootClass (represents a class), 
+The main objects are Space (lots of objects), BootClass (represents a class), 
 CompiledMethod (with Blocks and Instruction).
 
 **Virtual** Instructions get further transformed into **register** instructions.
diff --git a/lib/virtual/boot_space.rb b/lib/virtual/boot_space.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 25ab2e12..00000000
--- a/lib/virtual/boot_space.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-require "register/builtin/object"
-
-module Virtual
-  # The BootSpace contains all objects for a program. In functional terms it is a program, but in oo
-  # it is a collection of objects, some of which are data, some classes, some functions
-
-  # The main entry is a function called (of all things) "main", This _must be supplied by the compling
-  # There is a start and exit block that call main, which receives an array of strings
-
-  # While data ususally would live in a .data section, we may also "inline" it into the code
-  # in an oo system all data is represented as objects
-
-  class BootSpace < Virtual::ObjectConstant
-
-    def initialize
-      super()
-      @classes = Parfait::Hash.new_object
-      #global objects (data)
-      @objects = []
-      @symbols = []
-      @frames = 100.times.collect{ ::Parfait::Frame.new([],[])}
-      @messages = 100.times.collect{ ::Parfait::Message.new }
-      @next_message = @messages.first
-      @next_frame = @frames.first
-      @passes = [ "Virtual::SendImplementation" ]
-    end
-    attr_reader  :init , :main , :classes , :objects , :symbols,:messages, :next_message , :next_frame
-
-    def run_passes
-      @passes.each do |pass_class|
-        blocks = [@init] + main.blocks
-        @classes.values.each do |c|
-          c.instance_methods.each {|f| blocks += f.blocks  }
-        end
-        #puts "running #{pass_class}"
-        all.each do |block|
-          pass = eval pass_class
-          raise "no such pass-class as #{pass_class}" unless pass
-          pass.new.run(block)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.space
-      if defined? @@space
-        @@space
-      else
-        @@space = BootSpace.new
-        @@space
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Passes may be added to by anyone who wants
-    # This is intentionally quite flexible, though one sometimes has to watch the order of them
-    # most ordering is achieved by ordering the requires and using add_pass
-    # but more precise control is possible with the _after and _before versions
-
-    def add_pass pass
-      @passes << pass
-    end
-    def add_pass_after( pass , after)
-      index = @passes.index(after)
-      raise "No such pass (#{pass}) to add after: #{after}" unless index
-      @passes.insert(index+1 , pass)
-    end
-    def add_pass_before( pass , after)
-      index = @passes.index(after)
-      raise "No such pass to add after: #{after}" unless index
-      @passes.insert(index , pass)
-    end
-    # boot the classes, ie create a minimal set of classes with a minimal set of functions
-    # minimal means only that which can not be coded in ruby
-    # CompiledMethods are grabbed from respective modules by sending the method name. This should return the
-    # implementation of the method (ie a method object), not actually try to implement it (as that's impossible in ruby)
-    def boot_classes!
-      # very fiddly chicken 'n egg problem. Functions need to be in the right order, and in fact we have to define some
-      # dummies, just for the other to compile
-      obj = get_or_create_class :Object
-      [:index_of , :_get_instance_variable , :_set_instance_variable].each do |f|
-        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Object.send(f , nil)
-      end
-      obj = get_or_create_class :Kernel
-      # create main first, __init__ calls it
-      @main = Builtin::Kernel.send(:main , @context)
-      obj.add_instance_method @main
-      underscore_init = Builtin::Kernel.send(:__init__ ,nil) #store , so we don't have to resolve it below
-      obj.add_instance_method underscore_init
-      [:putstring,:exit,:__send].each do |f|
-        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Kernel.send(f , nil)
-      end
-      # and the @init block in turn _jumps_ to __init__
-      # the point of which is that by the time main executes, all is "normal"
-      @init = Virtual::Block.new(:_init_ , nil )
-      @init.add_code(Register::RegisterMain.new(underscore_init))
-      obj = get_or_create_class :Integer
-      [:putint,:fibo].each do |f|
-        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Integer.send(f , nil)
-      end
-      obj = get_or_create_class :String
-      [:get , :set , :puts].each do |f|
-        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::String.send(f , nil)
-      end
-      obj = get_or_create_class :Array
-      [:get , :set , :push].each do |f|
-        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Array.send(f , nil)
-      end
-    end
-
-    @@SPACE = { :names => [:classes,:objects,:symbols,:messages, :next_message , :next_frame] ,
-                :types => [Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference,Virtual::Reference]}
-    def layout
-      @@SPACE
-    end
-
-    # Objects are data and get assembled after functions
-    def add_object o
-      return if @objects.include?(o)
-      @objects << o
-      if o.is_a? Symbol
-        @symbols << o
-      end
-    end
-
-    # this is the way to instantiate classes (not BootClass.new)
-    # so we get and keep exactly one per name
-    def get_or_create_class name
-      raise "uups #{name}.#{name.class}" unless name.is_a? Symbol
-      c = @classes[name]
-      unless c
-        c = BootClass.new(name)
-        @classes[name] = c
-      end
-      c
-    end
-    def mem_length
-      padded_words( 5 )
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/virtual/compiler/basic_expressions.rb b/lib/virtual/compiler/basic_expressions.rb
index 50d33ad0..cd4a5e7e 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/compiler/basic_expressions.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/compiler/basic_expressions.rb
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ module Virtual
 
 
       def self.compile_module expression , method
-        clazz = BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class name
+        clazz = Space.space.get_or_create_class name
         raise "uups #{clazz}.#{name}" unless clazz
         to = Return.new(Reference , clazz )
         method.add_code Set.new( to , clazz )
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ module Virtual
       def self.compile_string expression , method
         value = StringConstant.new(expression.string)
         to = Return.new(Reference , value)
-        BootSpace.space.add_object value
+        Space.space.add_object value
         method.add_code Set.new( to , value )
         to
       end
diff --git a/lib/virtual/compiler/function_expression.rb b/lib/virtual/compiler/function_expression.rb
index 9dc4aa73..57e7d3dc 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/compiler/function_expression.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/compiler/function_expression.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ module Virtual
       r = expression.receiver ? Compiler.compile(expression.receiver, method ) : Self.new()
       new_method = CompiledMethod.new(expression.name , args , r )
       new_method.class_name = r.is_a?(BootClass) ? r.name : method.class_name
-      clazz = BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class(new_method.class_name)
+      clazz = Space.space.get_or_create_class(new_method.class_name)
       clazz.add_instance_method new_method
 
       #frame = frame.new_frame
diff --git a/lib/virtual/compiler/module_expression.rb b/lib/virtual/compiler/module_expression.rb
index 64b4b72f..5b97a265 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/compiler/module_expression.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/compiler/module_expression.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Virtual
     end
 
     def self.compile_class expression , method
-      clazz = ::BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class expression.name
+      clazz = ::Space.space.get_or_create_class expression.name
       puts "Created class #{clazz.name.inspect}"
       expression.expressions.each do |expr|
         # check if it's a function definition and add
diff --git a/lib/virtual/constants.rb b/lib/virtual/constants.rb
index e744db0c..2766f135 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/constants.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/constants.rb
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module Virtual
       class_for(MoveInstruction).new(value , self , :opcode => :mov)
     end
     def clazz
-      BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class(:String)
+      Space.space.get_or_create_class(:String)
     end
     def layout
       Virtual::Object.layout
diff --git a/lib/virtual/machine.rb b/lib/virtual/machine.rb
index d3c2881e..9b11ecae 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/machine.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/machine.rb
@@ -35,15 +35,92 @@ module Virtual
     def initialize
       @parser  = Parser::Salama.new
       the_end = Halt.new
+      @passes = [ "Virtual::SendImplementation" ]
+      @space =  Parfait::Space.new
 #      @message = Message.new(the_end , the_end , :Object)
     end
-    attr_reader :message
+    attr_reader :message , :passes , :space
+
+    def run_passes
+      @passes.each do |pass_class|
+        blocks = [@init] + main.blocks
+        @classes.values.each do |c|
+          c.instance_methods.each {|f| blocks += f.blocks  }
+        end
+        #puts "running #{pass_class}"
+        all.each do |block|
+          pass = eval pass_class
+          raise "no such pass-class as #{pass_class}" unless pass
+          pass.new.run(block)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Passes may be added to by anyone who wants
+    # This is intentionally quite flexible, though one sometimes has to watch the order of them
+    # most ordering is achieved by ordering the requires and using add_pass
+    # but more precise control is possible with the _after and _before versions
+
+    def add_pass pass
+      @passes << pass
+    end
+    def add_pass_after( pass , after)
+      index = @passes.index(after)
+      raise "No such pass (#{pass}) to add after: #{after}" unless index
+      @passes.insert(index+1 , pass)
+    end
+    def add_pass_before( pass , after)
+      index = @passes.index(after)
+      raise "No such pass to add after: #{after}" unless index
+      @passes.insert(index , pass)
+    end
 
     def self.boot
-      machine = Machine.new
-      BootSpace.space.boot_classes! # boot is a verb here
-      machine.boot
-      machine
+      instance = self.instance
+      instance.boot_classes! # boot is a verb here
+      instance.boot
+      instance
+    end
+    def self.instance
+      @instance ||= Machine.new
+    end
+
+    # boot the classes, ie create a minimal set of classes with a minimal set of functions
+    # minimal means only that which can not be coded in ruby
+    # CompiledMethods are grabbed from respective modules by sending the method name. This should return the
+    # implementation of the method (ie a method object), not actually try to implement it (as that's impossible in ruby)
+    def boot_classes!
+      # very fiddly chicken 'n egg problem. Functions need to be in the right order, and in fact we have to define some
+      # dummies, just for the other to compile
+      obj = get_or_create_class :Object
+      [:index_of , :_get_instance_variable , :_set_instance_variable].each do |f|
+        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Object.send(f , nil)
+      end
+      obj = get_or_create_class :Kernel
+      # create main first, __init__ calls it
+      @main = Builtin::Kernel.send(:main , @context)
+      obj.add_instance_method @main
+      underscore_init = Builtin::Kernel.send(:__init__ ,nil) #store , so we don't have to resolve it below
+      obj.add_instance_method underscore_init
+      [:putstring,:exit,:__send].each do |f|
+        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Kernel.send(f , nil)
+      end
+      # and the @init block in turn _jumps_ to __init__
+      # the point of which is that by the time main executes, all is "normal"
+      @init = Virtual::Block.new(:_init_ , nil )
+      @init.add_code(Register::RegisterMain.new(underscore_init))
+      obj = get_or_create_class :Integer
+      [:putint,:fibo].each do |f|
+        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Integer.send(f , nil)
+      end
+      obj = get_or_create_class :String
+      [:get , :set , :puts].each do |f|
+        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::String.send(f , nil)
+      end
+      obj = get_or_create_class :Array
+      [:get , :set , :push].each do |f|
+        obj.add_instance_method Builtin::Array.send(f , nil)
+      end
     end
 
     def boot
diff --git a/lib/virtual/object.rb b/lib/virtual/object.rb
index cf52878f..c7c41b93 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/object.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/object.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ module Virtual
   #   Object                  Object
   #   BootClass               Class
   #   MetaClass               self/Object
-  #   BootSpace               ObjectSpace
+  #   Space               ObjectSpace
   #   CompiledMethod          Function
   #   (ruby)Array             Array
   #         String            String
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ module Virtual
         @@HASH.merge :keys => object.keys , :values => object.values
       when Virtual::BootClass
         @@CLAZZ
-      when Virtual::BootSpace
+      when Virtual::Space
         @@SPACE
       else
         raise "linker encounters unknown class #{object.class}"
diff --git a/lib/virtual/passes/enter_implementation.rb b/lib/virtual/passes/enter_implementation.rb
index 833a5872..e306c01d 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/passes/enter_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/passes/enter_implementation.rb
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ module Virtual
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Virtual::EnterImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Virtual::EnterImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/virtual/passes/frame_implementation.rb b/lib/virtual/passes/frame_implementation.rb
index c22f6d81..7a21d01c 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/passes/frame_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/passes/frame_implementation.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ module Virtual
         else
           next
         end
-        space = BootSpace.space
+        space = Space.space
         slot = Virtual::Slot
         # a place to store a reference to the space, we grab the next_frame from the space
         space_tmp = Register::RegisterReference.new(Virtual::Message::TMP_REG)
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ module Virtual
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Virtual::FrameImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Virtual::FrameImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/virtual/passes/get_implementation.rb b/lib/virtual/passes/get_implementation.rb
index 05e073d7..4f7b8e15 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/passes/get_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/passes/get_implementation.rb
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ module Virtual
       end
     end
   end
-  Virtual::BootSpace.space.add_pass "Virtual::GetImplementation"
+  Virtual::Machine.instance.add_pass "Virtual::GetImplementation"
 end
diff --git a/lib/virtual/passes/send_implementation.rb b/lib/virtual/passes/send_implementation.rb
index 899273d6..4befee8c 100644
--- a/lib/virtual/passes/send_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/virtual/passes/send_implementation.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ module Virtual
           else
             # note: this is the current view: call internal send, even the method name says else
             # but send is "special" and accesses the internal method name and resolves.
-            kernel = Virtual::BootSpace.space.get_or_create_class(:Kernel)
+            kernel = Virtual::Space.space.get_or_create_class(:Kernel)
             method = kernel.get_instance_method(:__send)
             new_codes << MethodCall.new( method )
             raise "unimplemented #{code}"
diff --git a/test/fragments/helper.rb b/test/fragments/helper.rb
index 0b8baa2c..bae10a30 100644
--- a/test/fragments/helper.rb
+++ b/test/fragments/helper.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ require 'parslet/convenience'
 module Fragments
   # need a code generator, for arm 
   def setup
-    @object_space = Boot::BootSpace.new "Arm"
+    @object_space = Boot::Space.new "Arm"
   end
 
   def parse 
diff --git a/test/virtual/hello.rb b/test/virtual/hello.rb
index 92cd5a2a..1b179f1d 100644
--- a/test/virtual/hello.rb
+++ b/test/virtual/hello.rb
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ class HelloTest < MiniTest::Test
     machine = Virtual::Machine.boot
     expressions = machine.compile_main @string_input
 
-    writer = Elf::ObjectWriter.new(Virtual::BootSpace.space)
+    writer = Elf::ObjectWriter.new(Virtual::Space.space)
     writer.save "hello.o"
 #    puts Sof::Writer.write(expressions)
-    puts Sof::Writer.write(Virtual::BootSpace.space)
+    puts Sof::Writer.write(Virtual::Space.space)
   end
 
   def qtest_simplest_function
diff --git a/test/virtual/virtual_helper.rb b/test/virtual/virtual_helper.rb
index 8510ab8e..e7ff56fa 100644
--- a/test/virtual/virtual_helper.rb
+++ b/test/virtual/virtual_helper.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require "yaml"
 module VirtualHelper
   # need a code generator, for arm
   def setup
-#    @object_space = Boot::BootSpace.new "Arm"
+#    @object_space = Boot::Space.new "Arm"
   end
 
   def check