rubyx/lib/arm/translator.rb

module Arm
  # A translator is cpu specific and translates from risc instructions to a given
  # cpu. This one transltes to Arm Instructions.
  class Translator

    # translator should translate from register instructio set to it's own (arm eg)
    # for each instruction we call the translator with translate_XXX
    #  with XXX being the class name.
    # the result is replaced in the stream
    def translate( instruction )
      class_name = instruction.class.name.split("::").last
      self.send( "translate_#{class_name}".to_sym , instruction)
    end

    def translate_Label( code )
      Risc::Label.new( code.source , code.name )
    end

    # arm indexes are
    #  in bytes, so *4
    # if an instruction is passed in we get the index with index function
    def arm_index( index )
      index = index.index if index.is_a?(Risc::Instruction)
      raise "index error 0" if index == 0
      index * 4
    end
    # Arm stores the return address in a register (not on the stack)
    # The register is called link , or lr for short .
    # Maybe because it provides the "link" back to the caller
    # the vm defines a register for the location, so we store it there.
    def translate_SaveReturn( code )
      ArmMachine.str( :lr ,  code.register , arm_index(code) )
    end

    def translate_Transfer( code )
      # Risc machine convention is from => to
      # But arm has the receiver/result as the first
      ArmMachine.mov( code.to , code.from)
    end

    def translate_SlotToReg( code )
      ArmMachine.ldr( *slot_args_for(code) )
    end

    def translate_RegToSlot( code )
      ArmMachine.str( *slot_args_for(code) )
    end

    def slot_args_for( code )
      if(code.index.is_a? Numeric)
        [ code.register ,  code.array  , arm_index(code) ]
      else
        [ code.register ,  code.array  , code.index , :shift_lsl => 2]
      end
    end

    def byte_args_for( code )
        args = slot_args_for( code )
        args.pop if(code.index.is_a? Numeric)
        args
    end

    def translate_ByteToReg( code )
      ArmMachine.ldrb( *byte_args_for(code) )
    end

    def translate_RegToByte( code )
      ArmMachine.strb( *byte_args_for(code) )
    end

    def translate_FunctionCall( code )
      ArmMachine.b( code.method.binary )
    end

    def translate_FunctionReturn code
      ArmMachine.mov( :pc , code.register)
    end

    def translate_LoadConstant( code )
      constant = code.constant
      constant = constant.to_cpu(self) if constant.is_a?(Risc::Label)
      return ArmMachine.add( code.register , constant )
    end

    def translate_LoadData( code )
      return ArmMachine.mov( code.register ,  code.constant )
    end

    def translate_OperatorInstruction( code )
      left = code.left
      right = code.right
      case code.operator.to_s
      when "+"
        c = ArmMachine.add(left , left , right)
      when "-"
        c = ArmMachine.sub(left , left , right)
      when "&"
        c = ArmMachine.and(left , left , right)
      when "|"
        c = ArmMachine.orr(left , left , right)
      when "*"
        c = ArmMachine.mul(left , right , left) #arm rule about left not being result, lukily commutative
      when ">>"
        c = ArmMachine.mov(left , left , :shift_asr => right) #arm rule about left not being result, lukily commutative
      when "<<"
        c = ArmMachine.mov(left , left , :shift_lsl => right) #arm rule about left not being result, lukily commutative
      else
        raise "unimplemented  '#{code.operator}' #{code}"
      end
      c
    end

    # This implements branch logic, which is simply assembler branch
    #
    # The only target for a call is a Block, so we just need to get the address for the code
    # and branch to it.
    def translate_Branch( code )
      ArmMachine.b( code.label.to_cpu(self) )
    end

    def translate_IsPlus( code )
      ArmMachine.bpl( code.label.to_cpu(self) )
    end

    def translate_IsMinus( code )
      ArmMachine.bmi( code.label.to_cpu(self) )
    end

    def translate_IsZero( code )
      ArmMachine.beq( code.label.to_cpu(self) )
    end

    def translate_IsNotZero( code )
      ArmMachine.bne( code.label.to_cpu(self) )
    end

    def translate_IsOverflow( code )
      ArmMachine.bvs( code.label.to_cpu(self))
    end

    def translate_Syscall( code )
      call_codes = { :putstring => 4 , :exit => 1    }
      int_code = call_codes[code.name]
      raise "Not implemented syscall, #{code.name}" unless int_code
      send( code.name , int_code )
    end

    def putstring( int_code )
      codes = ArmMachine.add( :r1 ,  :r1 , 12 ) # adjust for object header
      codes.append ArmMachine.mov( :r0 ,  1 )  # write to stdout == 1
      syscall(int_code , codes )
    end

    def exit( int_code )
      codes =  ArmMachine.ldr( :r0 ,  :r0 , arm_index(Risc.resolve_to_index(:Message , :return_value)) )
      syscall int_code , codes
    end

    private

    # syscall is always triggered by swi(0)
    # The actual code (ie the index of the kernel function) is in r7
    def syscall int_code , codes
      codes.append ArmMachine.mov( :r7 ,  int_code )
      codes.append ArmMachine.swi( 0 )
      codes
    end

  end
end