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    %title Synthesis: An Efficient Implementation of Fundamental Operating System Services - Abstract
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    #nav
      %a{:href => "index.html"} Title
      %a{:href => "abs.html"} Abstract
      %a{:href => "ack.html"} Acknowledgements
      %a.here{:href => "toc.html"} Contents
      %a{:href => "ch1.html"} Chapter 1
      %a{:href => "ch2.html"} Chapter 2
      %a{:href => "ch3.html"} Chapter 3
      %a{:href => "ch4.html"} Chapter 4
      %a{:href => "ch5.html"} Chapter 5
      %a{:href => "ch6.html"} Chapter 6
      %a{:href => "ch7.html"} Chapter 7
      %a{:href => "ch8.html"} Chapter 8
      %a{:href => "bib.html"} Bibliography
      %a{:href => "app-A.html"} Appendix A
    #running-title
      Synthesis: An Efficient Implementation of Fundamental Operating System Services - Abstract
    #content
      .toc
        %h1 Contents
        %ul
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1. Introduction
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.1 Purpose
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.2 History and Motivation
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.3 Synthesis Overview
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.3.1 Kernel Structure
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.3.2 Implementation Ideas
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.3.3 Implementation Language
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch1.html"} 1.3.4 Target Hardware
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch1.html"}
                      1.3.5
                      %span.smallcaps Unix
                      Emulator
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2. Previous Work
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.1 Overview
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.2 The Tradeoff Between Throughput and Latency
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.3 Kernel Structure
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.3.1 The Trend from Monolithic to Diffuse
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.3.2 Services and Interfaces
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.3.3 Managing Diverse Types of I/O
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch2.html"} 2.3.4 Managing Processes
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3. Kernel Code Generator
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.1 Fundamentals
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.2 Methods of Runtime Code Generation
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.2.1 Factoring Invariants
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.2.2 Collapsing Layers
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.2.3 Executable Data Structures
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.2.4 Performance Gains
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.3 Uses of Code Synthesis in the Kernel
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.3.1 Buffers and Queues
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.3.2 Context Switches
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.3.3 Interrupt Handling
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.3.4 System Calls
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.4 Other Issues 3.4.1 Kernel Size
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.4.2 Protecting Synthesized Code
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.4.3 Non-coherent Instruction Cache
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch3.html"} 3.5 Summary
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4. Kernel Structure
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1 Quajects
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1.1 Quaject Interfaces
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1.2 Creating and Destroying Quajects
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1.3 Resolving References
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1.4 Building Services
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.1.5 Summary
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.2 Procedure-Based Kernel
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.2.1 Calling Kernel Procedures
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.2.2 Protection
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.2.3 Dynamic Linking
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.3 Threads of Execution
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.3.1 Execution Modes
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.3.2 Thread Operations
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.3.3 Scheduling
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.4 Input and Output
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.4.1 Producer/Consumer
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.4.2 Hardware Devices
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.5 Virtual Memory
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch4.html"} 4.6 Summary
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5. Concurrency and Synchronization
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.1 Synchronization in OS Kernels
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.1.1 Disabling Interrupts
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.1.2 Locking Synchronization Methods
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.1.3 Lock-Free Synchronization Methods
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.1.4 Synthesis Approach
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.2 Lock-Free Quajects
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.2.1 Simple Linked Lists
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.2.2 Stacks and Queues
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.2.3 General Linked Lists
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.2.4 Lock-Free Synchronization Overhead
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.3 Threads
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.3.1 Scheduling and Dispatching
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.3.2 Thread Operations
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.3.3 Cost of Thread Operations
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch5.html"} 5.4 Summary
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6. Fine-Grain Scheduling
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.1 Scheduling Policies and Mechanisms
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.2.1 Hardware Phase Locked Loop
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.2.2 Software Feedback
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.2.3 FLL Example
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.2.4 Application Domains
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.3 Uses of Feedback in Synthesis
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.3.1 Real-Time Signal Processing
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.3.2 Rhythm Tracking and The Automatic Drummer
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.3.3 Digital Oversampling Filter
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.3.4 Discussion
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.4 Other Applications
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.4.1 Clocks
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.4.2 Real-Time Scheduling
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                    %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.4.3 Multiprocessor and Distributed Scheduling
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch6.html"} 6.5 Summary
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7. Measurements and Evaluation
            %ul
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.1 Measurement Environment
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.1.1 Hardware
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.1.2 Software
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.2 User-Level Measurements
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.2.1 Comparing Synthesis with SUNOS 3.5
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.2.2 Comparing Window Systems
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.3 Detailed Measurements
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.3.1 File and Device I/O
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.3.2 Virtual Memory
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.3.3 Window System
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.3.4 Other Figures
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.4 Experience
                %ul
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.4.1 Assembly Language
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.4.2 Porting Synthesis to the Sony NEWS Workstation
                  %li
                    %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.4.3 Architecture Support
              %li
                %a{:href => "ch7.html"} 7.5 Other Opinions
          %li
            %a{:href => "ch8.html"} 8. Conclusion