ruby-x/ruby-x.github.io
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

New , simpler architecture picture

Browse Source 
and misc
This commit is contained in:
Torsten Rüger 2019-08-20 22:03:52 +03:00
parent f58cc40735
commit 6e8864b238
4 changed files with 72 additions and 50 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

BIN
app/assets/images/architecture.png Normal file
View File

Binary file not shown.
Side by Side

After

Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 92 KiB

3
app/assets/stylesheets/site.sass
View File

@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ main , header , footer
.full_width
img
width: 100%
.three_width
img
width: 67%
.debug_pic
border-color: white
border-width: 8px

60
app/views/pages/project/motivation.html.haml
View File

@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
= render "pages/project/menu"
%h1= title "Ruby in Ruby"
%p
%h1.center= title "Ruby in Ruby"
%p.center
%span
RubyX hopes make the the mysterious more accessible, shed light in the farthest (ruby) corners, and above all,
%em empower you
RubyX hopes to make the the mysterious more accessible, shed light in the farthest (ruby) corners, and above all,
%em empower
you.
.row
.tripple
%h2.center A better tool, a better job
@ -14,8 +15,8 @@
better in almost every way.
The only downside is speed and we argue that with cheap resources.
%p
Why it has taken this long to even seriously attempt a ruby implementation in ruby is due to the overwhelming
influence of C (folks), especially at the time.
Why it has taken this long to even seriously attempt a ruby implementation in ruby is
due to the overwhelming influence of C (folks), especially at the time.
%p
Just a short and subjective list of why ruby is the better tool:
%ul
@ -30,50 +31,53 @@
Rails has evolved tremendously from what was already a good start. All the development
%em around
it has nurtured
ruby developement in all areas. Rails and all those parts make up a most mature and advanced software system.
%p The "rails effect" is due to the accessibility of the system, imho. Ie it is written in ruby.
ruby developement in all areas. Rails and all those parts make up a most mature and
advanced software system.
%p
Ruby itself has not enjoyed this rails effect, and that is because it is written in C
Crystal, Rust, Go Julia etc, have, for the exact same reason.
The "rails effect" is due to the accessibility of the system, imho.
Ie it is open source, and written in ruby.
%p
It is my firm belief that given a vm in ruby, ruby development will "take off" too. In other words, given an
easy way to improve his tools, a developer will do so. Easy means understandable and that means ruby for a
ruby developer
Ruby itself has not enjoyed this rails effect, and that is because it is written in C.
Crystal, Rust, Go, Julia etc, have, for the exact same reason.
%p
It is my firm belief that given a vm in ruby, ruby development will "take off" too.
In other words, given an easy way to improve his tools, a developer will do so.
Easy means understandable and that means ruby for a ruby developer.
.tripple
%h2.center Step to Indepencance
%p
The first thing any decent compiler does, is compile itself. It is the maturity test of a language to implement
itself in itself, and the time has come for ruby. The mark of growing up is being independant, in ruby's case of C.
The first thing any decent compiler does, is compile itself.
It is the maturity test of a language to implement itself in itself,
and the time has come for ruby.
The mark of growing up is being independant, in ruby's case of C.
%p
Having just learned Assembler, i can attest what a great improvement C is over Assembler.
But that was then and it is not just chance that developemnt has been slow in the last 50 years.
%p
There is this attitude C believers elude and since they are the gatekeepers of the os,
everyone is fooled into believing only c is fast. Whereas what is true is that
= succeed "is" do
%em complied (binary) code
%em complied (binary) code
is.
%p
On a very similar note we are lead to believe that os features must be used from c. Whereas system calls
are software interrupts, not really
On a very similar note we are lead to believe that os features must be used from c.
Whereas system calls are software interrupts, not really
%em
calls
%em
at all.
Only the c std library makes them look like c functions, but they are not.
at all.
Only the c std library makes them look like c functions, but they are not.
.row
%p.center
%span
%b So what does empowerment mean.
%h3.center So what does empowerment mean.
%p
For me it is means owning your tools.
For everyone to really be able to unfold their ideas and potential.
Not to be stuck, rather to be able to change anything one wishes.
We usually own the code we write, and we have seen amazing progress in opening up new ideas.
%p
So it is hard to even think of ruby holding us back, and it isn't off course, only current implementations of it are.
So it is hard to even think of ruby holding us back, and it isn't off course,
only the current implementations of it are.
%p
Concretely what does this mean: Well i don't know do i! That's the whole point, that anyone can improve it beyond
the original creators horizon.
Concretely what does this mean: Well i don't know do i!
That's the whole point, that anyone can improve it beyond the original creators horizon.
%p
But to mention a few things that have crossed my mind (and that i will most certainly not implement)
%ul

59
app/views/pages/rubyx/layers.html.haml
View File

@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
just push more functionality into the “virtual machine” and it is in fact only the
compilation to binaries that gives static languages their speed. This is the reason
to compile ruby.
%p.center.full_width
= image_tag "layers.jpg" , alt: "Architectural layers"
%p.center.three_width
= image_tag "architecture.png" , alt: "Architectural layers"
%h3#ruby Ast + Ruby
%p
@ -61,26 +61,30 @@
%h3#minimal-object-machine Minimal Object machine
%p
We compile Vool statements into Mom instructions. Mom is a machine, which means it has
instructions. But unlike a cpu (or the risc layer below) it does not have memory, only objects.
It also has no registers, and together these two things mean that all information is stored in
objects. Also the calling convention is object based and uses Frame and Message instances to
save state.
instructions. But unlike a cpu (or the risc layer below) it does not have memory, only
objects.
It also has no registers, and together these two things mean that all information is
stored in objects. Also the calling convention is object based and uses Frame and
Message instances to save state.
%p
Objects are typed, and are in fact the same objects the language operates on. Just the
functionality is expressed through instructions. While source methods are in defined on
functionality is expressed through instructions. While source methods are defined on
classes as Vool, when they are compiled to binary, they are made type specific. These
TypedMethods hold the binary and are stored in the Type.
%p
The Mom level exists to make the transition to Risc easier. It has a very abstract,
high level instruction set, where each single instruction may resolve to many (even tens of)
lower level instructions. But it breaks down Vool's tree into an instruction
high level instruction set, where each single instruction may resolve to many (even
tens of) lower level instructions. But it breaks down Vool's tree into an instruction
list, which is conceptually a much easier input for the next layer.
%p
Mom instruction may also be used to extend the systm functionality. This feature is used
in the Builtin layer of functions. These functions are coded at the Mom level, as they
can not be expressed in ruby. Examples include instance variable access, integer ops...
%h3#risc Risc
%p
The Register machine layer is a relatively close abstraction of risc hardware, but without the
quirks.
%p
The Register machine layer is a relatively close abstraction of risc hardware,
but without the quirks that for example arm has.
The Risc machine has registers, indexed addressing, operators, branches and everything
needed to implement Mom. It does not try to abstract every possible machine feature
(like llvm), but rather “objectifies” the general risc view to provide what is needed for
@ -91,23 +95,25 @@
instructions may be defined and used later, as long as translation is provided for them too.
In other words the instruction set is extensible (unlike cpu instruction sets).
%p
Basic object oriented concepts are needed already at this level, to be able to generate a whole
self contained system. Ie what an object is, a class, a method etc. This minimal runtime is called
parfait, and the same objects will be used at runtime and compile time.
Basic object oriented concepts are needed already at this level, to be able to generate
a whole self contained system. Ie what an object is, a class, a method etc.
This minimal runtime is called parfait, and the same objects will be used at runtime
and compile time.
%p
Since working with at this low machine level (essentially assembler) is not easy to follow for
everyone (me :-), an interpreter was created (by me:-). Later a graphical interface, a kind of
Since working with at this low machine level (essentially assembler) is not easy to
follow for everyone (me :-), an interpreter was created (by me:-). Later a graphical
interface, a kind of
%a{:href => "https://github.com/ruby-x/rubyx-debugger"} visual debugger
was added.
Visualizing the control flow and being able to see values updated immediately helped
tremendously in creating this layer. And the interpreter helps in testing, ie keeping it
working in the face of developer change.
%h3#binary--arm-and-elf Binary , Arm and Elf
%h3 Target assembler
%p
A physical machine will run binaries containing instructions that the cpu understands, in a
format the operating system understands (elf). Arm and elf subdirectories hold the code for
these layers.
Risc is the last abstract layer, it is then translated into machine dependent code.
This is not binary yet, more an oo version of assembler, where each instruction
is represented by an object.
%p
Arm is a risc architecture, but anyone who knows it will attest, with it’s own quirks.
For example any instruction may be executed conditionally, ie
@ -116,5 +122,14 @@
is no 32bit register load instruction. It is possible to create very dense code using
all the arm special features, but this is not implemented yet.
%p
The Arm::Translator translates that translates RegisterInstructions to ArmInstructions,
The Arm::Translator translates RegisterInstructions to ArmInstructions.
%h3#binary-and-elf Elf and Binary
%p
A physical machine will run binaries containing instructions that the cpu understands,
in a format the operating system understands (elf).
%p
The previously generated objects must be able to convert themselves to binary.
These binary codes are wrapped and stored into binary files of elf format.
Arm and elf subdirectories hold the code for these layers.
and the Elf::ObjectWriter creates Linux binaries.