📝 Added module documentation for thread_manager

src/kernel/thread_manager.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,71 @@
+//! # Thread manager
+//! 
+//! This module describes the data structure and the methods used for thread scheduling
+//! in the BurritOS operating system. A struct named `ThreadManager` holds the list of
+//! all existing threads and synchronization objects, such as `Locks`, `Semaphores` and
+//! `Conditions`.
+//! 
+//! ## Purpose
+//! 
+//! `ThreadManager` holds the state of the system processes using the following subcomponents:
+//! 
+//! ### Two lists of threads
+//! 
+//!  - **ready_list**: The list of threads ready to be executed
+//!  - **g_alive**: The list of currently executing threads
+//! 
+//! The difference between the two above lists lies in the state of the threads in question.
+//! Ready threads have just been enqueued. They are not being executed yet. The second list is
+//! needed because many threads may be executing at a given time. However, only a single thread
+//! can be handled by the machine at a time. The system thus needs to keep in memory the alive
+//! threads in case the currently running thread finishes or gets rescheduled.
+//! 
+//! ### A list of synchronization objects
+//! 
+//! Locks, Semaphores and Conditions allow resource sharing among running threads. Since resources
+//! can only be accessed by a single thread at a time, we need data structures to signal other
+//! threads that a resource may be busy or unavailable; say for example that thread **A** wants to
+//! write to a file while **B** is currently reading said file. Thread **A** mutating the state of
+//! the file could cause issues for **B**. Therefore **B** needs to lock the file in question to
+//! avoid such issues. Thread **A** will have to wait for **B** to finish reading the file.
+//! 
+//! These synchronization objects are held in an instance of the ObjAddr structure held by
+//! ThreadManager. Their state is mutated depending on the actions of the currently running thread
+//! through methods such as `ThreadManager::sem_p`. 
+//! 
+//! ## Usage
+//! 
+//! `ThreadManager` is thought as a subcomponent of the `System` struct. Instanciating
+//! `System` will automatically instanciate a `ThreadManager`
+//! 
+//! Manually loading a Thread into ThreadManager to execute a program with BurritOS could look like
+//! this:
+//! 
+//! ```
+//! fn load_thread_manually(args: ...) {
+//!     let mut system = System::new(args.debug);
+//!     
+//!     let thread_exec = Thread::new(args.executable.as_str());
+//!     let thread_exec = Rc::new(RefCell::new(thread_exec));
+//!     system.get_thread_manager().get_g_alive().push(Rc::clone(&thread_exec));
+//!     
+//!     let owner1 = Process { num_thread: 0 };
+//!     let owner1 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(owner1));
+//!     system.get_thread_manager().start_thread(Rc::clone(&thread_exec), owner1, loader.elf_header.entrypoint, ptr, -1);
+//!     
+//!     let to_run = system.get_thread_manager().find_next_to_run().unwrap();
+//!     system.get_thread_manager().switch_to(&mut machine, Rc::clone(&to_run));
+//!     
+//!     machine.run(&mut system);
+//! }
+//! ```
+//!  
+//! ## Imports
+//! 
+//! The `List` and `ObjAddr` submodules used in this module are defined in the utility
+//! module. The source code of ObjAddr has been decoupled from thread_manager in an effort
+//! to keep this module concise.
+
 use std::{
     rc::Rc,
     cell::{
@@ -190,11 +258,11 @@ impl ThreadManager {
     }
 
     /// Decrement the value, and wait if it becomes < 0. Checking the
-    ///	value and decrementing must be done atomically, so we
-    ///	need to disable interrupts before checking the value.
+    /// value and decrementing must be done atomically, so we
+    /// need to disable interrupts before checking the value.
     ///
-    ///	Note that thread_manager::thread_sleep assumes that interrupts are disabled
-    ///	when it is called.
+    /// Note that thread_manager::thread_sleep assumes that interrupts are disabled
+    /// when it is called.
     ///
     /// ### Parameters
     /// - *id_sema* id of the semaphore, stored in [`ObjAddr`], id given by user program thought exceptions
@@ -244,12 +312,12 @@ impl ThreadManager {
 
 
     ///    Wait until the lock become free.  Checking the
-    ///	state of the lock (free or busy) and modify it must be done
-    ///	atomically, so we need to disable interrupts before checking
-    ///	the value of free.
+    /// state of the lock (free or busy) and modify it must be done
+    /// atomically, so we need to disable interrupts before checking
+    /// the value of free.
     ///
-    ///	Note that thread_manager::thread_seep assumes that interrupts are disabled
-    ///	when it is called.
+    /// Note that thread_manager::thread_seep assumes that interrupts are disabled
+    /// when it is called.
     ///
     /// ### Parameters
     /// - **id** id of the lock, stored in [`ObjAddr`], id given by user program thought exceptions
@@ -278,7 +346,7 @@ impl ThreadManager {
     ///     Wake up a waiter if necessary, or release it if no thread is waiting.
     pub fn lock_release(&mut self, id: i32, machine: &mut Machine) -> Result<MachineOk, MachineError> {
         let current_thread = match self.get_g_current_thread() {
-            Some(thread) => Rc::clone(&thread),
+            Some(thread) => Rc::clone(thread),
             None => Err(String::from("lock_release error: current_thread should not be None."))?
         };
         let mut lock = match self.get_obj_addrs().search_lock(id).cloned() {