From 77fd5c3a4d250dae4f3c40ee47dc2f54ca57dde6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Pulkit Krishna Date: Fri, 4 Oct 2024 09:27:05 +0530 Subject: [PATCH] Unix v4 Ersatz-11 --- docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/index.md | 97 ++++++++++++++++++ .../ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-1.webp | Bin 0 -> 6810 bytes .../ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-2.webp | Bin 0 -> 14642 bytes .../ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-3.webp | Bin 0 -> 16924 bytes docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/index.md | 2 +- 5 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/index.md create mode 100644 docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-1.webp create mode 100644 docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-2.webp create mode 100644 docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/unix-v4-Ersatz-11-3.webp diff --git a/docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/index.md b/docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e6c8350 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/1970s/1973/unix-v4/ersatz-11/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +--- +keywords: ["Unix v4", "Unix", "PDP-11", "Ersatz-11", 1970s, 1973] +image: ./unix-v4-Ersatz-11-3.webp +description: "Sadly, we do not have a complete copy of Unix v4, but we do have a copy of a kernel that is from between v3 and v4. We can use that kernel with v5 userland." +sidebar_position: 2 +sidebar_label: "! Unix v4 on Ersatz-11" +--- + +# How to install ! Unix v4 on Ersatz-11? + +![Ersatz-11 PDP-11 emulator with ! Unix v4](./unix-v4-Ersatz-11-3.webp) + +Sadly, we do not have a complete copy of Unix v4, but we do have a copy of a kernel that is from between v3 and v4. We can use that kernel with v5 userland. It can be used on Ersatz-11 emulator. + +## Downloads + +First, we need to prepare an image of Unix v5 with the `nsys` kernel. We have prepared such an image for you to download: + +- [! Unix-v4 image (v5 root with nsys kernel)](https://github.com/InstallerLegacy/nsys-image/releases/latest/download/nsysroot.zip) + +If you want to prepare the image yourself, refer to [our guide on how to do so](/blog/how-to-put-the-nsys-kernel-on-a-disk-image-of-unix-v5/). + +## Using ! Unix-v4 + +:::tip + +If you have not already installed Ersatz-11 emulator, see [the VirtualHub Setup tutorial on how to do so](https://setup.virtualhub.eu.org/ersatz-11/) on Linux and Windows. + +::: + +Extract the archive you downloaded. Inside you will find a file called `nsysroot`. Create a folder somewhere to store the files for this VM and move that file into it. + +Now we will create a config file for our VM. Create a text file called `e11.ini` with the following content in the VM folder: + +```ini +set cpu 45 +mount dk0: nsysroot. /rk05 +boot dk0: +``` + +![e11.ini](./unix-v4-Ersatz-11-1.webp) + +Now open a terminal and move to the VM folder. Run the following command to start the emulator: + +```bash +e11 +``` + +![e11](unix-v4-Ersatz-11-2.webp) + +After the emulator starts, you will get a `@` prompt. Type `nsys` and press enter to run the `nsys` kernel. You will be asked to log in. Type `root` and press enter to log in. There is no password. + +You can now run `ls` to see the list of files. To change directory, you need to use the `chdir` command, `cd` is not available. + +![! Unix-v4 list of files in root](./unix-v4-Ersatz-11-3.webp) + +That's it! We used ! Unix-v4. To exit the emulator, press `Shift` + `Enter` and then type `exit` and press enter. We can create a shell script to make it easy to launch the VM. + +### Linux + +Create a file called `unix-v4.sh` with the following content: + +```bash +#!/bin/bash +e11 +``` + +Now make the file executable: + +```bash +chmod +x unix-v4.sh +``` + +Now you can start the VM using the shell script. For example, on KDE you can right-click the file and choose `Run in Konsole` or on GNOME, where you can right-click the file and choose `Run as executable`. The VM will start. + +See the [manuals section](/1970s/1973/unix-v4/#manuals) on the [main ! Unix-v4 page](/1970s/1973/unix-v4) to learn how to use it. + +### Windows + +Create a file called `unix-v4.bat` with the following content: + +```bash +e11 +``` + +Now you can start the VM by double-clicking the shell script. See the [manuals section](/1970s/1973/unix-v4/#manuals) on the [main ! Unix-v4 page](/1970s/1973/unix-v4) to learn how to use it. + + +## Credits + +- The Unix v5 image, the `nsys` kernel and other files used above are from [TUHS](https://www.tuhs.org). + +## Video tutorial + +Do you want to follow the tutorial by watching a video? 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We can use that kernel with v5 [userland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_space). It can be used on SIMH PDP-11 emulator. +! Unix v4 was an operating system for the DEC PDP-11 computer. It was developed by Bell Labs. Sadly, we do not have a complete copy of Unix v4, but we do have a copy of a [kernel]() that is from between v3 and v4. We can use that kernel with v5 [userland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_space). It can be used on SIMH PDP-11 emulator and the Ersatz-11 emulator.