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id="第一章-数据类型-⭐" tabindex="-1">第一章：数据类型（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第一章-数据类型-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第一章：数据类型（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_1-1-概述" tabindex="-1">1.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li><p>根据<code>变量</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的<code>不同</code>，我们可以将<code>变量</code>分为两类：</p><ul><li><code>普通变量</code>：变量所对应的内存中存储的是<code>普通值</code>。</li><li><code>指针变量</code>：变量所对应的内存中存储的是<code>另一个变量的地址</code>。</li></ul></li><li><p>如下图所示：</p></li></ul><p><img src="'+t+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>普通变量和指针变量的相同点：</p><ul><li>普通变量有内存空间，指针变量也有内存空间。</li><li>普通变量有内存地址，指针变量也有内存地址。</li><li>普通变量所对应的内存空间中有值，指针变量所对应的内存空间中也有值。</li></ul><p>普通变量和指针变量的不同点：</p><ul><li>普通变量所对应的内存空间存储的是普通的值，如：整数、小数、字符等；指针变量所对应的内存空间存储的是另外一个变量的地址。</li><li>普通变量有普通变量的运算方式，而指针变量有指针变量的运算方式（后续讲解）。</li></ul></div><ul><li>那么，在 C 语言中变量的数据类型就可以这么划分，如下所示：</li></ul><p><img src="'+h+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>根据<code>普通变量</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的类型不同，可以将<code>普通变量类型</code>划分为<code>基本数据类型</code>（整型、字符类型、浮点类型、布尔类型）和<code>复合数据类型</code>（数组类型、结构体类型、共用体类型、枚举类型）。</li><li>根据<code>指针变量</code>所<code>指向空间</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的类型不同，可以将<code>指针类型</code>分为<code>基本数据类型指针</code>、<code>复合数据类型指针</code>、<code>函数指针</code>、<code>数组指针</code>等，例如：如果指针所指向的空间保存的是 int 类型，那么该指针就是 int 类型的指针。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_1-2-整数类型" tabindex="-1">1.2 整数类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-整数类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2 整数类型""></a></h2><h3 id="_1-2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">1.2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2.1 概述""></a></h3><ul><li>整数类型简称整型，用于存储整数值，如：12、20、50 等。</li><li>根据所占<code>内存空间</code>大小的不同，可以将整数类型划分为：</li><li>① 短整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned short （无符号短整型）</td><td>2 字节</td><td>0 ~ 65,535 (2^16 - 1)</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] short（有符号短整型，默认）</td><td>2 字节</td><td>-32,768 (- 2^15) ~ 32,767 (2^15 -1)</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>② 整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned int（无符号整型）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~ 4294967295 (0 ~2^32 -1)</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] int（有符号整型，默认）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>-2147483648（- 2^31） ~ 2147483647 (2^31-1)</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>③ 长整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned long（无符号长整型）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~2^32 -1</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] long（有符号长整型，默认）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>- 2^31 ~ 2^31-1</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>④ 长长整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned long long（无符号长整型）</td><td>8 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~2^64 -1</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] long long（有符号长整型，默认）</td><td>8 字节（通常）</td><td>- 2^63 ~ 2^63-1</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li><p>① 数据类型在内存中占用的存储单元（字节数），就称为该数据类型的长度（步长），如：short 占用 2 个字节的内存，就称 short 的长度（步长）是 2。</p></li><li><p>② C 语言并没有严格规定各种整数数据类型在内存中所占存储单元的长度，只做了宽泛的限制：</p><ul><li>short 至少占用 2 个字节的存储单元。</li><li>int 建议为一个机器字长（指计算机的处理器在一次操作中能够处理的二进制数据的位数，机器字长是处理器的“字”长度，它决定了处理器在一个时钟周期内能够处理的数据量，如：早期的计算机的处理器通常是 8 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次只能处理 8 位（二进制）数据；之后的计算机的处理器有 16 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次可以处理 16 位的数据；再之后计算机的处理器有 32 位或 64 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次可以处理 32 位或 64位的数据）。即：32 位环境下 int 占用 4 个字节的存储单元，64 位环境下 int 占用 8 个字节的存储单元。</li><li>short 的长度（步长）不能大于 int，long 的长度（步长）不能小于 int，long long 不能小于 long。</li></ul></li><li><p>③ 那么，各种整数数据类型在内存中所占存储单元的长度的公式就是 <code>2 ≤ sizeof(short) ≤ sizeof(int) ≤ sizeof(long) ≤ sizeof(long long)</code>，具体的存储空间由编译系统自行决定。其中，<code>sizeof</code> 是测量类型或变量、常量长度的<code>运算符</code>。</p></li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 之所以这么规定，是为了可以让 C 语言长久使用，因为目前主流的 CPU 都是 64 位，但是在 C 语言刚刚出现的时候，CPU 还是以 8 位和 16 位为主。如果当时就将整型定死为 8 位或 16 位，那么现在我们肯定不会再学习 C 语言了。</li><li>② 整型分为有符号 signed 和无符号 unsigned 两种，默认是 signed。</li><li>③ 在实际开发中，<code>最常用的整数类型</code>就是 <code>int</code> 类型了，如果取值范围不够，就使用 long 或 long long 。</li><li>④ C 语言中的<code>格式占位符</code>非常多，只需要大致了解即可；因为，我们在实际开发中，一般都会使用 C++ 或 Rust 以及其它的高级编程语言，如：Java 等，早已经解决了必须通过<code>格式占位符</code>来才能将变量进行输入和输出。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_1-2-2-短整型-了解" tabindex="-1">1.2.2 短整型（了解） <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-2-短整型-了解" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2.2 短整型（了解）""></a></h3><ul><li>语法：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">unsigned</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> short</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> x </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 无符号短整型</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">short</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> x </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 有符号短整型</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 有符号表示的是正数、负数和 0 ，即有正负号。无符号表示的是 0 和正数，即正整数，没有符号。</li><li>② 在 <code>printf</code> 中<code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code>的<code>格式占位符</code>是 <code>%hu</code> ，<code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code>的<code>格式占位符</code>是 <code>%hd</code> 。</li><li>③ 可以通过 <code>sizeof</code> 运算符获取<code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code> 和 <code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code> 的<code>存储空间（所占内存空间）</code>。</li><li>③ 可以通过 <code>#include <limits.h></code> 来获取 <code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code> 和<code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code>的<code>取值范围</code>。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：定义和打印短整型变量</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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id="第一章-数据类型-⭐" tabindex="-1">第一章：数据类型（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第一章-数据类型-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第一章：数据类型（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_1-1-概述" tabindex="-1">1.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li><p>根据<code>变量</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的<code>不同</code>，我们可以将<code>变量</code>分为两类：</p><ul><li><code>普通变量</code>：变量所对应的内存中存储的是<code>普通值</code>。</li><li><code>指针变量</code>：变量所对应的内存中存储的是<code>另一个变量的地址</code>。</li></ul></li><li><p>如下图所示：</p></li></ul><p><img src="'+t+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>普通变量和指针变量的相同点：</p><ul><li>普通变量有内存空间，指针变量也有内存空间。</li><li>普通变量有内存地址，指针变量也有内存地址。</li><li>普通变量所对应的内存空间中有值，指针变量所对应的内存空间中也有值。</li></ul><p>普通变量和指针变量的不同点：</p><ul><li>普通变量所对应的内存空间存储的是普通的值，如：整数、小数、字符等；指针变量所对应的内存空间存储的是另外一个变量的地址。</li><li>普通变量有普通变量的运算方式，而指针变量有指针变量的运算方式（后续讲解）。</li></ul></div><ul><li>那么，在 C 语言中变量的数据类型就可以这么划分，如下所示：</li></ul><p><img src="'+h+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>根据<code>普通变量</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的类型不同，可以将<code>普通变量类型</code>划分为<code>基本数据类型</code>（整型、字符类型、浮点类型、布尔类型）和<code>复合数据类型</code>（数组类型、结构体类型、共用体类型、枚举类型）。</li><li>根据<code>指针变量</code>所<code>指向空间</code>中<code>存储</code>的<code>值</code>的类型不同，可以将<code>指针类型</code>分为<code>基本数据类型指针</code>、<code>复合数据类型指针</code>、<code>函数指针</code>、<code>数组指针</code>等，例如：如果指针所指向的空间保存的是 int 类型，那么该指针就是 int 类型的指针。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_1-2-整数类型" tabindex="-1">1.2 整数类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-整数类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2 整数类型""></a></h2><h3 id="_1-2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">1.2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2.1 概述""></a></h3><ul><li>整数类型简称整型，用于存储整数值，如：12、20、50 等。</li><li>根据所占<code>内存空间</code>大小的不同，可以将整数类型划分为：</li><li>① 短整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned short （无符号短整型）</td><td>2 字节</td><td>0 ~ 65,535 (2^16 - 1)</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] short（有符号短整型，默认）</td><td>2 字节</td><td>-32,768 (- 2^15) ~ 32,767 (2^15 -1)</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>② 整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned int（无符号整型）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~ 4294967295 (0 ~2^32 -1)</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] int（有符号整型，默认）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>-2147483648（- 2^31） ~ 2147483647 (2^31-1)</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>③ 长整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned long（无符号长整型）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~2^32 -1</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] long（有符号长整型，默认）</td><td>4 字节（通常）</td><td>- 2^31 ~ 2^31-1</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>④ 长长整型：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>存储空间（内存空间）</th><th>取值范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unsigned long long（无符号长整型）</td><td>8 字节（通常）</td><td>0 ~2^64 -1</td></tr><tr><td>[signed] long long（有符号长整型，默认）</td><td>8 字节（通常）</td><td>- 2^63 ~ 2^63-1</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li><p>① 数据类型在内存中占用的存储单元（字节数），就称为该数据类型的长度（步长），如：short 占用 2 个字节的内存，就称 short 的长度（步长）是 2。</p></li><li><p>② C 语言并没有严格规定各种整数数据类型在内存中所占存储单元的长度，只做了宽泛的限制：</p><ul><li>short 至少占用 2 个字节的存储单元。</li><li>int 建议为一个机器字长（指计算机的处理器在一次操作中能够处理的二进制数据的位数，机器字长是处理器的“字”长度，它决定了处理器在一个时钟周期内能够处理的数据量，如：早期的计算机的处理器通常是 8 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次只能处理 8 位（二进制）数据；之后的计算机的处理器有 16 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次可以处理 16 位的数据；再之后计算机的处理器有 32 位或 64 位的机器字长，意味着处理器一次可以处理 32 位或 64位的数据）。即：32 位环境下 int 占用 4 个字节的存储单元，64 位环境下 int 占用 8 个字节的存储单元。</li><li>short 的长度（步长）不能大于 int，long 的长度（步长）不能小于 int，long long 不能小于 long。</li></ul></li><li><p>③ 那么，各种整数数据类型在内存中所占存储单元的长度的公式就是 <code>2 ≤ sizeof(short) ≤ sizeof(int) ≤ sizeof(long) ≤ sizeof(long long)</code>，具体的存储空间由编译系统自行决定。其中，<code>sizeof</code> 是测量类型或变量、常量长度的<code>运算符</code>。</p></li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 之所以这么规定，是为了可以让 C 语言长久使用，因为目前主流的 CPU 都是 64 位，但是在 C 语言刚刚出现的时候，CPU 还是以 8 位和 16 位为主。如果当时就将整型定死为 8 位或 16 位，那么现在我们肯定不会再学习 C 语言了。</li><li>② 整型分为有符号 signed 和无符号 unsigned 两种，默认是 signed。</li><li>③ 在实际开发中，<code>最常用的整数类型</code>就是 <code>int</code> 类型了，如果取值范围不够，就使用 long 或 long long 。</li><li>④ C 语言中的<code>格式占位符</code>非常多，只需要大致了解即可；因为，我们在实际开发中，一般都会使用 C++ 或 Rust 以及其它的高级编程语言，如：Java 等，早已经解决了必须通过<code>格式占位符</code>来才能将变量进行输入和输出。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_1-2-2-短整型-了解" tabindex="-1">1.2.2 短整型（了解） <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-2-短整型-了解" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2.2 短整型（了解）""></a></h3><ul><li>语法：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">unsigned</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> short</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> x </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 无符号短整型</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">short</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> x </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 有符号短整型</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 有符号表示的是正数、负数和 0 ，即有正负号。无符号表示的是 0 和正数，即正整数，没有符号。</li><li>② 在 <code>printf</code> 中<code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code>的<code>格式占位符</code>是 <code>%hu</code> ，<code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code>的<code>格式占位符</code>是 <code>%hd</code> 。</li><li>③ 可以通过 <code>sizeof</code> 运算符获取<code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code> 和 <code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code> 的<code>存储空间（所占内存空间）</code>。</li><li>③ 可以通过 <code>#include <limits.h></code> 来获取 <code>无符号短整型（unsigned short）</code> 和<code>有符号短整型（signed short）</code>的<code>取值范围</code>。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：定义和打印短整型变量</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
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@ -630,7 +630,23 @@ import{_ as p,c as n,j as s,a as i,a6 as a,o as l}from"./chunks/framework.hMCIpN
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"num3=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, num3);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_1-8-再谈数据类型" tabindex="-1">1.8 再谈数据类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-8-再谈数据类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.8 再谈数据类型""></a></h2><ul><li><p>通过之前的知识，我们知道，CPU 是直接和内存打交道的，CPU 在处理数据的时候，会将数据临时存放到内存中。内存那么大，CPU 是怎么找到对应的数据的？</p></li><li><p>首先，CPU 会将内存按照字节（1 Bytes = 8 bit，我们也称为存储单元）进行划分，如下所示：</p></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 操作系统其实并不会直接操作实际的内存，而是会通过内存管理单元（MMU）来操作内存，并通过虚拟地址映射（Virtual Address Mapping）将程序使用的虚拟地址转换为物理地址。虚拟地址映射可以实现内存保护、内存共享和虚拟内存等功能，使得程序能够使用比实际物理内存更大的内存空间，同时确保程序间不会相互干扰。</li><li>② 为了方便初学者学习，后文一律会描述 CPU 直接操作内存（这种说法不严谨，但足够简单和方便理解）。</li><li>③ 这些存储单元中，存储的都是 0 和 1 这样的数据，因为计算机只能识别二进制数。</li></ul></div><p><img src="`+A+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>并且，为了方便管理，每个独立的小单元格，即：存储单元，都有自己唯一的编号（内存地址），如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>之所以，要给每个存储单元加上内存地址，就是为了<code>加快</code>数据的<code>存取速度</code>，可以类比生活中的<code>字典</code>以及<code>快递单号</code>。</p></div><p><img src="'+B+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>我们在定义变量的时候，是这么定义的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>上述的代码其实透露了三个重要的信息：</p><ul><li>① 数据存储在哪里。</li><li>② 数据的长度是多少。</li><li>③ 数据的处理方式。</li></ul></div><ul><li>其实，在编译器对程序进行编译的时候，是这样做的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 编译器在编译的时候，就将变量替换为内存中存储单元的内存地址（知道了你家的门牌号），这样就可以方便的进行存取数据了（解答了上述的问题 ① ）。</li><li>② 变量中其实存储的是初始化值 10 在内存中存储单元的首地址，我们也知道，数据类型 int 的存储空间是 4 个字节，那么根据首地址 + 4 个字节就可以完整的将数据从内存空间中取出来或存进去（解答了上述的问题 ② ）。</li><li>③ 我们知道，数据在计算机底层的存储方式是不一样的，如：整数在计算机底层的存储就是计算机补码的方式，浮点数在计算机底层的存储类似于科学计数法；但是，字符类型在计算机底层的存储和整数以及浮点数完全不同，需要查码表，即：在存储的时候，需要先查询码表，转换为二进制进行存储；在读取的时候，也需要先查询码表，将二进制转换为对应的字符（解答了上述的问题 ③ ）。</li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 数据类型只在定义变量的时候声明，而且必须声明；在使用变量的时候，就无需再声明，因为此时的数据类型已经确定的。</li><li>② 在实际开发中，我们通常将普通变量等价于内存中某个区域的值（底层到底是怎么转换的，那是编译器帮我们完成的，我们通常无需关心，也没必要关心）。</li><li>③ 某些动态的编程语言，如：JavaScript ，在定义变量的时候，是不需要给出数据类型的，编译器会根据赋值情况自动推断出变量的数据类型，貌似很智能；但是，这无疑增加了编译器的工作，降低了程序的性能（动态一时爽，重构火葬场，说的就是动态编程语言，不适合大型项目的开发；所以，之后微软推出了 TypeScript ，就是为了给 JavaScript 增加强类型系统，以提高开发和运行效率）。</li></ul></div><p><img src="'+D+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h1 id="第二章-运算符-⭐" tabindex="-1">第二章：运算符（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第二章-运算符-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第二章：运算符（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li>运算符是一种特殊的符号，用于数据的运算、赋值和比较等。</li><li><code>表达式</code>指的是一组运算数、运算符的组合，表达式<code>一定具有值</code>，一个变量或一个常量可以是表达式，变量、常量和运算符也可以组成表达式，如：</li></ul><p><img src="'+v+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><code>操作数</code>指的是<code>参与运算</code>的<code>值</code>或者<code>对象</code>，如：</li></ul><p><img src="'+T+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>根据<code>操作数</code>的<code>个数</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>一元运算符（一目运算符）。</li><li>二元运算符（二目运算符）。</li><li>三元运算符（三目运算符）。</li></ul></li><li>根据<code>功能</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>算术运算符。</li><li>关系运算符（比较运算符）。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>赋值运算符。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>位运算符。</li><li>三元运算符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>掌握一个运算符，需要关注以下几个方面：</p><ul><li>① 运算符的含义。</li><li>② 运算符操作数的个数。</li><li>③ 运算符所组成的表达式。</li><li>④ 运算符有无副作用，即：运算后是否会修改操作数的值。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_2-2-算术运算符" tabindex="-1">2.2 算术运算符 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-算术运算符" aria-label="Permalink to "2.2 算术运算符""></a></h2><ul><li>算术运算符是对数值类型的变量进行运算的，如下所示：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>运算符</th><th>描述</th><th>操作数个数</th><th>组成的表达式的值</th><th>副作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>正号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数本身</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>负号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数符号取反</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>加号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之和</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>减号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之差</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>*</code></td><td>乘号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之积</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>/</code></td><td>除号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之商</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>%</code></td><td>取模（取余）</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数相除的余数</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>++</code></td><td>自增</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自增前或自增后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr><tr><td><code>--</code></td><td>自减</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自减前或自减后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>自增和自减：</p><ul><li>① 自增、自减运算符可以写在操作数的前面也可以写在操作数后面，不论前面还是后面，对操作数的副作用是一致的。</li><li>② 自增、自减运算符在前在后，对于表达式的值是不同的。 如果运算符在前，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之后的值；如果运算符在后，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之前的值。</li><li>③ <code>变量前++</code>：变量先自增 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后++</code>：变量先运算，然后再自增 1 。</li><li>④ <code>变量前--</code>：变量先自减 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后--</code>：变量先运算，然后再自减 1 。</li><li>⑤ 对于 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，各种编程语言的用法和支持是不同的，例如：C/C++、Java 等完全支持，Python 压根一点都不支持，Go 语言虽然支持 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，却只支持这些操作符作为独立的语句，并且不能嵌入在其它的表达式中。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：正号和负号</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_1-7-4-数据类型转换只是临时性的" tabindex="-1">1.7.4 数据类型转换只是临时性的 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-7-4-数据类型转换只是临时性的" aria-label="Permalink to "1.7.4 数据类型转换只是临时性的""></a></h3><ul><li>无论是自动类型转换还是强制类型转换，都是为了本次运算而进行的临时性转换，其转换的结果只会保存在临时的内存空间，并不会改变数据原先的类型或值，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> total </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 100.12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 总价</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 总数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> price </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0.0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 单价</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line highlighted"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> totalInt </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)total;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 强制类型转换</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> price </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> total </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算单价</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"total = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, total);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // total = 100.12</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"totalInt = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, totalInt);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // totalInt = 100</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"price = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, price);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // price = 50.06</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><ul><li>虽然 <code>total</code> 变量，通过强制类型转换变为了 <code>int</code> 类型，才可以赋值给 <code>totalInt</code>变量；但是，这种转换并没有影响 <code>total</code> 变量本身的<code>类型</code>和<code>值</code>。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 如果 <code>total</code> 变量的<code>值</code>或<code>类型</code>变化了，那么 <code>total</code> 的显示结果，就应该是 <code>100.00</code> ，而不是 <code>100.12</code> 。</li><li>② 那么，<code>price</code> 的结果，显而易见就应该是 <code>50.00</code> ，而不是 <code>50.06</code> 了。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_1-7-5-自动类型转换-vs-强制类型转换" tabindex="-1">1.7.5 自动类型转换 VS 强制类型转换 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-7-5-自动类型转换-vs-强制类型转换" aria-label="Permalink to "1.7.5 自动类型转换 VS 强制类型转换""></a></h3><ul><li>在 C 语言中，有些数据类型即可以自动类型转换，也可以强制类型转换，如：<code>int --> double</code>、<code>double --> int</code> 等。但是，有些数据类型只能强制类型转换，不能自动类型转换，如：<code>void* --> int*</code> 。</li><li>可以自动类型转换的类型一定可以强制类型转换；但是，可以强制类型转换的类型却不一定能够自动类型转换。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 目前学习到的数据类型，既可以自动类型转换，也可以强制类型转换。</li><li>② 后面，如果学到指针，就会发生指针有的时候，只能强制类型转换却不能自动类型转换；需要说明的是，并非所有的指针都可以强制类型转换，是有条件的，后文讲解。</li></ul></div><ul><li>可以自动类型转换的类型，在发生类型转换的时候，一般风险较低，不会给程序带来严重的后果，如：<code>int --> double</code> 就没什么毛病，而 <code>double --> int</code> 无非丢失精度而已。但是 ，只能强制类型转换的类型，在发生类型转换的时候，通常风险较高，如：<code>char* --> int*</code> 就非常奇怪，会导致取得的值也很奇怪，进而导致程序崩溃。</li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 在实际开发中，如果使用 C 语言进行开发，在进行强制类型转换的时候，需要小心谨慎，防止出现一些奇怪的问题，进而导致程序崩溃！！！</li><li>② 现代化的高级编程语言，如：Java 等，直接屏蔽了指针。所以，在使用这些编程语言的时候，无需担心进行强制类型转换时，会出现一些奇怪的问题，进而导致程序崩溃！！！</li></ul></div><h2 id="_1-8-再谈数据类型" tabindex="-1">1.8 再谈数据类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-8-再谈数据类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.8 再谈数据类型""></a></h2><ul><li><p>通过之前的知识，我们知道，CPU 是直接和内存打交道的，CPU 在处理数据的时候，会将数据临时存放到内存中。内存那么大，CPU 是怎么找到对应的数据的？</p></li><li><p>首先，CPU 会将内存按照字节（1 Bytes = 8 bit，我们也称为存储单元）进行划分，如下所示：</p></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 操作系统其实并不会直接操作实际的内存，而是会通过内存管理单元（MMU）来操作内存，并通过虚拟地址映射（Virtual Address Mapping）将程序使用的虚拟地址转换为物理地址。虚拟地址映射可以实现内存保护、内存共享和虚拟内存等功能，使得程序能够使用比实际物理内存更大的内存空间，同时确保程序间不会相互干扰。</li><li>② 为了方便初学者学习，后文一律会描述 CPU 直接操作内存（这种说法不严谨，但足够简单和方便理解）。</li><li>③ 这些存储单元中，存储的都是 0 和 1 这样的数据，因为计算机只能识别二进制数。</li></ul></div><p><img src="`+A+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>并且，为了方便管理，每个独立的小单元格，即：存储单元，都有自己唯一的编号（内存地址），如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>之所以，要给每个存储单元加上内存地址，就是为了<code>加快</code>数据的<code>存取速度</code>，可以类比生活中的<code>字典</code>以及<code>快递单号</code>。</p></div><p><img src="'+B+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>我们在定义变量的时候，是这么定义的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>上述的代码其实透露了三个重要的信息：</p><ul><li>① 数据存储在哪里。</li><li>② 数据的长度是多少。</li><li>③ 数据的处理方式。</li></ul></div><ul><li>其实，在编译器对程序进行编译的时候，是这样做的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 编译器在编译的时候，就将变量替换为内存中存储单元的内存地址（知道了你家的门牌号），这样就可以方便的进行存取数据了（解答了上述的问题 ① ）。</li><li>② 变量中其实存储的是初始化值 10 在内存中存储单元的首地址，我们也知道，数据类型 int 的存储空间是 4 个字节，那么根据首地址 + 4 个字节就可以完整的将数据从内存空间中取出来或存进去（解答了上述的问题 ② ）。</li><li>③ 我们知道，数据在计算机底层的存储方式是不一样的，如：整数在计算机底层的存储就是计算机补码的方式，浮点数在计算机底层的存储类似于科学计数法；但是，字符类型在计算机底层的存储和整数以及浮点数完全不同，需要查码表，即：在存储的时候，需要先查询码表，转换为二进制进行存储；在读取的时候，也需要先查询码表，将二进制转换为对应的字符（解答了上述的问题 ③ ）。</li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 数据类型只在定义变量的时候声明，而且必须声明；在使用变量的时候，就无需再声明，因为此时的数据类型已经确定的。</li><li>② 在实际开发中，我们通常将普通变量等价于内存中某个区域的值（底层到底是怎么转换的，那是编译器帮我们完成的，我们通常无需关心，也没必要关心）。</li><li>③ 某些动态的编程语言，如：JavaScript ，在定义变量的时候，是不需要给出数据类型的，编译器会根据赋值情况自动推断出变量的数据类型，貌似很智能；但是，这无疑增加了编译器的工作，降低了程序的性能（动态一时爽，重构火葬场，说的就是动态编程语言，不适合大型项目的开发；所以，之后微软推出了 TypeScript ，就是为了给 JavaScript 增加强类型系统，以提高开发和运行效率）。</li></ul></div><p><img src="'+D+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h1 id="第二章-运算符-⭐" tabindex="-1">第二章：运算符（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第二章-运算符-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第二章：运算符（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li>运算符是一种特殊的符号，用于数据的运算、赋值和比较等。</li><li><code>表达式</code>指的是一组运算数、运算符的组合，表达式<code>一定具有值</code>，一个变量或一个常量可以是表达式，变量、常量和运算符也可以组成表达式，如：</li></ul><p><img src="'+v+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><code>操作数</code>指的是<code>参与运算</code>的<code>值</code>或者<code>对象</code>，如：</li></ul><p><img src="'+T+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>根据<code>操作数</code>的<code>个数</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>一元运算符（一目运算符）。</li><li>二元运算符（二目运算符）。</li><li>三元运算符（三目运算符）。</li></ul></li><li>根据<code>功能</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>算术运算符。</li><li>关系运算符（比较运算符）。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>赋值运算符。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>位运算符。</li><li>三元运算符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>掌握一个运算符，需要关注以下几个方面：</p><ul><li>① 运算符的含义。</li><li>② 运算符操作数的个数。</li><li>③ 运算符所组成的表达式。</li><li>④ 运算符有无副作用，即：运算后是否会修改操作数的值。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_2-2-算术运算符" tabindex="-1">2.2 算术运算符 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-算术运算符" aria-label="Permalink to "2.2 算术运算符""></a></h2><ul><li>算术运算符是对数值类型的变量进行运算的，如下所示：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>运算符</th><th>描述</th><th>操作数个数</th><th>组成的表达式的值</th><th>副作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>正号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数本身</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>负号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数符号取反</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>加号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之和</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>减号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之差</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>*</code></td><td>乘号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之积</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>/</code></td><td>除号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之商</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>%</code></td><td>取模（取余）</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数相除的余数</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>++</code></td><td>自增</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自增前或自增后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr><tr><td><code>--</code></td><td>自减</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自减前或自减后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>自增和自减：</p><ul><li>① 自增、自减运算符可以写在操作数的前面也可以写在操作数后面，不论前面还是后面，对操作数的副作用是一致的。</li><li>② 自增、自减运算符在前在后，对于表达式的值是不同的。 如果运算符在前，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之后的值；如果运算符在后，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之前的值。</li><li>③ <code>变量前++</code>：变量先自增 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后++</code>：变量先运算，然后再自增 1 。</li><li>④ <code>变量前--</code>：变量先自减 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后--</code>：变量先运算，然后再自减 1 。</li><li>⑤ 对于 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，各种编程语言的用法和支持是不同的，例如：C/C++、Java 等完全支持，Python 压根一点都不支持，Go 语言虽然支持 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，却只支持这些操作符作为独立的语句，并且不能嵌入在其它的表达式中。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：正号和负号</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
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@ -930,4 +946,4 @@ import{_ as p,c as n,j as s,a as i,a6 as a,o as l}from"./chunks/framework.hMCIpN
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%s\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, str4);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 是好人</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><ul><li>像 <code>"我"</code>、<code>"爱你"</code>、<code>"你"</code>、<code>"是好人"</code>就是需要被处理的窄字符串，当程序运行的时候，它们会被加载进内存。并且，这些字符串中是包含中文的，所以一定不会使用 ASCII 编码。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>其实，对于代码中需要被处理的窄字符串，不同的编译器差别还是挺大的：</p><ul><li>微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码来保存这些字符。对于简体中文版的 Windows，使用的是 GBK 编码。</li><li>GCC、LLVM/Clang 编译器使用和源文件相同的编码来保存这些字符：如果源文件使用的是 UTF-8 编码，那么这些字符也使用 UTF-8 编码；如果源文件使用的是 GBK 编码，那么这些字符也使用 GBK 编码。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-4-总结" tabindex="-1">3.3.4 总结 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-4-总结" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.4 总结""></a></h3><ul><li>① 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的窄字符，在 C 语言中，使用的是 <code>ASCII</code> 编码。</li><li>② 对于 <code>wchar_t</code> 类型的<code>宽字符</code>和<code>宽字符串</code>，在 C 语言中，使用的 <code>UTF-16</code> 编码或者 <code>UTF-32</code> 编码，它们都是基于 Unicode 字符集的。</li><li>③ 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的<code>窄字符串</code>，微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码，GCC、LLVM/Clang 使用和源文件编码相同的编码。</li><li>④ 处理窄字符和处理宽字符使用的函数也不一样，如下所示： <ul><li><code><stdio.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putchar</code>、<code>puts</code>、<code>printf</code> 函数只能用来处理窄字符。</li><li><code><wchar.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putwchar</code>、<code>wprintf</code> 函数只能用来处理宽字符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① C 语言作为一门较为底层和古老的语言，对于字符的处理，之所以有这么多种方式，是因为历史遗留的原因和早期计算机资源有限的背景密切相关。</li><li>② 现代化的编程语言，如：C++ 、Java、Python 等都对字符串处理进行了改进和抽象，如：C++ 中的 <code>std::string</code> 和 Java 中的 <code>String</code>。并且，现代编程语言通常会自动管理内存，这样开发者就不需要手动处理字符串的内存分配和释放，从而减少了内存泄漏和缓冲区溢出等问题。当然，现代编程语言通常内置了对各种字符编码的支持，能够方便地处理不同语言的字符，如：Java 的 <code>String</code> 类和 Python 的 <code>str</code> 类型都默认支持 Unicode，可以轻松处理中文等多字节字符。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" tabindex="-1">3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集""></a></h3><ul><li>源文件使用的字符集，通常称为<code>编码字符集</code>，即：写代码的时候所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>源文件需要保存到硬盘，或者在网络上传输，使用的编码要尽量节省存储空间，同时要方便跨国交流，所以一般使用 UTF-8，这就是选择编码字符集的标准。</p></div><ul><li>程序中的字符或者字符串使用的字符集，通常称为<code>运行字符集</code>，即：程序运行时所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>程序中的字符或者字符串，在程序运行后必须被载入到内存，才能进行后续的处理，对于这些字符来说，要尽量选用能够提高处理速度的编码，如：UTF-16 和 UTF-32 编码就能够快速定位（查找）字符。</p></div><ul><li><code>编码字符集</code>是站在<code>存储</code>和<code>传输</code>的角度，而<code>运行字符集</code>是站在<code>处理</code>或者<code>操作</code>的角度，所以它们并不一定相同。</li></ul>`,374);function us(bs,ms,Cs,As,Bs,Ds){return l(),n("div",null,[ps,s("p",null,[s("mjx-container",ts,[(l(),n("svg",hs,ks)),ds])]),s("ul",null,[s("li",null,[s("p",null,[i("那么，结果就是："),s("mjx-container",rs,[(l(),n("svg",cs,gs)),os])])]),Fs]),ys])}const qs=p(ls,[["render",us]]);export{Ts as __pageData,qs as default};
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><ul><li>像 <code>"我"</code>、<code>"爱你"</code>、<code>"你"</code>、<code>"是好人"</code>就是需要被处理的窄字符串，当程序运行的时候，它们会被加载进内存。并且，这些字符串中是包含中文的，所以一定不会使用 ASCII 编码。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>其实，对于代码中需要被处理的窄字符串，不同的编译器差别还是挺大的：</p><ul><li>微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码来保存这些字符。对于简体中文版的 Windows，使用的是 GBK 编码。</li><li>GCC、LLVM/Clang 编译器使用和源文件相同的编码来保存这些字符：如果源文件使用的是 UTF-8 编码，那么这些字符也使用 UTF-8 编码；如果源文件使用的是 GBK 编码，那么这些字符也使用 GBK 编码。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-4-总结" tabindex="-1">3.3.4 总结 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-4-总结" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.4 总结""></a></h3><ul><li>① 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的窄字符，在 C 语言中，使用的是 <code>ASCII</code> 编码。</li><li>② 对于 <code>wchar_t</code> 类型的<code>宽字符</code>和<code>宽字符串</code>，在 C 语言中，使用的 <code>UTF-16</code> 编码或者 <code>UTF-32</code> 编码，它们都是基于 Unicode 字符集的。</li><li>③ 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的<code>窄字符串</code>，微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码，GCC、LLVM/Clang 使用和源文件编码相同的编码。</li><li>④ 处理窄字符和处理宽字符使用的函数也不一样，如下所示： <ul><li><code><stdio.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putchar</code>、<code>puts</code>、<code>printf</code> 函数只能用来处理窄字符。</li><li><code><wchar.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putwchar</code>、<code>wprintf</code> 函数只能用来处理宽字符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① C 语言作为一门较为底层和古老的语言，对于字符的处理，之所以有这么多种方式，是因为历史遗留的原因和早期计算机资源有限的背景密切相关。</li><li>② 现代化的编程语言，如：C++ 、Java、Python 等都对字符串处理进行了改进和抽象，如：C++ 中的 <code>std::string</code> 和 Java 中的 <code>String</code>。并且，现代编程语言通常会自动管理内存，这样开发者就不需要手动处理字符串的内存分配和释放，从而减少了内存泄漏和缓冲区溢出等问题。当然，现代编程语言通常内置了对各种字符编码的支持，能够方便地处理不同语言的字符，如：Java 的 <code>String</code> 类和 Python 的 <code>str</code> 类型都默认支持 Unicode，可以轻松处理中文等多字节字符。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" tabindex="-1">3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集""></a></h3><ul><li>源文件使用的字符集，通常称为<code>编码字符集</code>，即：写代码的时候所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>源文件需要保存到硬盘，或者在网络上传输，使用的编码要尽量节省存储空间，同时要方便跨国交流，所以一般使用 UTF-8，这就是选择编码字符集的标准。</p></div><ul><li>程序中的字符或者字符串使用的字符集，通常称为<code>运行字符集</code>，即：程序运行时所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>程序中的字符或者字符串，在程序运行后必须被载入到内存，才能进行后续的处理，对于这些字符来说，要尽量选用能够提高处理速度的编码，如：UTF-16 和 UTF-32 编码就能够快速定位（查找）字符。</p></div><ul><li><code>编码字符集</code>是站在<code>存储</code>和<code>传输</code>的角度，而<code>运行字符集</code>是站在<code>处理</code>或者<code>操作</code>的角度，所以它们并不一定相同。</li></ul>`,384);function us(bs,ms,Cs,As,Bs,Ds){return l(),n("div",null,[ps,s("p",null,[s("mjx-container",ts,[(l(),n("svg",hs,ks)),ds])]),s("ul",null,[s("li",null,[s("p",null,[i("那么，结果就是："),s("mjx-container",rs,[(l(),n("svg",cs,gs)),os])])]),Fs]),ys])}const qs=p(ls,[["render",us]]);export{Ts as __pageData,qs as default};
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@ -1 +1 @@
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">[boot]</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">EOF</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p><img src="/c/assets/177.FJeffiE3.gif" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>③ 重启 WSL 实例：</li></ul><div class="language-shell vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">shell</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">wsl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --shutdown</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # 在 win 中的 cmd 或 PowerShell 执行该命令</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><img src="/c/assets/178.Bee0LcNX.gif" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>④ 查看是否启用成功：</li></ul><div class="language-shell vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">shell</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ps</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -o</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> comm=</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><img src="/c/assets/179.BDqd1eDo.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-27T03:11:14.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/00_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>编程基础</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/02_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>变量和进制</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><ul><li>其实，C 语言的底层逻辑很简单，C 语言压根不关心你定义的是有符号数还是无符号数，它只关心内存（如果定义的是有符号数，那就按照有符号数的规则来存储；如果定义的是无符号数，那就按照无符号数的规则来存储）。换言之，有符号数可以按照无符号数的规则来输出，无符号数也可以按照有符号数的规则来输出，至于输出结果对不对，那是程序员的事情，和 C 语言没有任何关系。</li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 实际开发中，<code>printf</code> 函数中的常量、变量或表达式，需要和格式占位符一一对应；否则，将会出现数据错误的现象。</li><li>② 正因为上述的原因，很多现代化的编程语言，如：Java 等，直接取消了无符号的概念。但是，很多数据库是使用 C 语言开发的，如：MySQL 等，就提供了创建数据表的字段为无符号类型的功能，即：<code>UNSIGNED</code>（正整数） ，不要感觉困惑！！！</li><li>③ 对于 <code>1000 0000 …… 0000 0000</code> 这个特殊的补码，无法按照上述的方法转换为原码，所以计算机直接规定这个补码对应的值就是 <code>-2³¹</code>，至于为什么，下节我们会详细分析。</li></ul></div></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-28T01:09:24.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/01_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>C 语言入门</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/03_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>数据类型和运算符</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"num3=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, num3);</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_1-8-再谈数据类型" tabindex="-1">1.8 再谈数据类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-8-再谈数据类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.8 再谈数据类型""></a></h2><ul><li><p>通过之前的知识，我们知道，CPU 是直接和内存打交道的，CPU 在处理数据的时候，会将数据临时存放到内存中。内存那么大，CPU 是怎么找到对应的数据的？</p></li><li><p>首先，CPU 会将内存按照字节（1 Bytes = 8 bit，我们也称为存储单元）进行划分，如下所示：</p></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 操作系统其实并不会直接操作实际的内存，而是会通过内存管理单元（MMU）来操作内存，并通过虚拟地址映射（Virtual Address Mapping）将程序使用的虚拟地址转换为物理地址。虚拟地址映射可以实现内存保护、内存共享和虚拟内存等功能，使得程序能够使用比实际物理内存更大的内存空间，同时确保程序间不会相互干扰。</li><li>② 为了方便初学者学习，后文一律会描述 CPU 直接操作内存（这种说法不严谨，但足够简单和方便理解）。</li><li>③ 这些存储单元中，存储的都是 0 和 1 这样的数据，因为计算机只能识别二进制数。</li></ul></div><p><img src="/c/assets/17.CBpay1zM.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>并且，为了方便管理，每个独立的小单元格，即：存储单元，都有自己唯一的编号（内存地址），如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>之所以，要给每个存储单元加上内存地址，就是为了<code>加快</code>数据的<code>存取速度</code>，可以类比生活中的<code>字典</code>以及<code>快递单号</code>。</p></div><p><img src="/c/assets/18.g66usGgc.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>我们在定义变量的时候，是这么定义的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>上述的代码其实透露了三个重要的信息：</p><ul><li>① 数据存储在哪里。</li><li>② 数据的长度是多少。</li><li>③ 数据的处理方式。</li></ul></div><ul><li>其实，在编译器对程序进行编译的时候，是这样做的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 编译器在编译的时候，就将变量替换为内存中存储单元的内存地址（知道了你家的门牌号），这样就可以方便的进行存取数据了（解答了上述的问题 ① ）。</li><li>② 变量中其实存储的是初始化值 10 在内存中存储单元的首地址，我们也知道，数据类型 int 的存储空间是 4 个字节，那么根据首地址 + 4 个字节就可以完整的将数据从内存空间中取出来或存进去（解答了上述的问题 ② ）。</li><li>③ 我们知道，数据在计算机底层的存储方式是不一样的，如：整数在计算机底层的存储就是计算机补码的方式，浮点数在计算机底层的存储类似于科学计数法；但是，字符类型在计算机底层的存储和整数以及浮点数完全不同，需要查码表，即：在存储的时候，需要先查询码表，转换为二进制进行存储；在读取的时候，也需要先查询码表，将二进制转换为对应的字符（解答了上述的问题 ③ ）。</li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 数据类型只在定义变量的时候声明，而且必须声明；在使用变量的时候，就无需再声明，因为此时的数据类型已经确定的。</li><li>② 在实际开发中，我们通常将普通变量等价于内存中某个区域的值（底层到底是怎么转换的，那是编译器帮我们完成的，我们通常无需关心，也没必要关心）。</li><li>③ 某些动态的编程语言，如：JavaScript ，在定义变量的时候，是不需要给出数据类型的，编译器会根据赋值情况自动推断出变量的数据类型，貌似很智能；但是，这无疑增加了编译器的工作，降低了程序的性能（动态一时爽，重构火葬场，说的就是动态编程语言，不适合大型项目的开发；所以，之后微软推出了 TypeScript ，就是为了给 JavaScript 增加强类型系统，以提高开发和运行效率）。</li></ul></div><p><img src="/c/assets/19.BW4hoq9o.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h1 id="第二章-运算符-⭐" tabindex="-1">第二章：运算符（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第二章-运算符-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第二章：运算符（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li>运算符是一种特殊的符号，用于数据的运算、赋值和比较等。</li><li><code>表达式</code>指的是一组运算数、运算符的组合，表达式<code>一定具有值</code>，一个变量或一个常量可以是表达式，变量、常量和运算符也可以组成表达式，如：</li></ul><p><img src="/c/assets/20.DBXyt0gx.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><code>操作数</code>指的是<code>参与运算</code>的<code>值</code>或者<code>对象</code>，如：</li></ul><p><img src="/c/assets/21.QOjKI_7K.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>根据<code>操作数</code>的<code>个数</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>一元运算符（一目运算符）。</li><li>二元运算符（二目运算符）。</li><li>三元运算符（三目运算符）。</li></ul></li><li>根据<code>功能</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>算术运算符。</li><li>关系运算符（比较运算符）。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>赋值运算符。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>位运算符。</li><li>三元运算符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>掌握一个运算符，需要关注以下几个方面：</p><ul><li>① 运算符的含义。</li><li>② 运算符操作数的个数。</li><li>③ 运算符所组成的表达式。</li><li>④ 运算符有无副作用，即：运算后是否会修改操作数的值。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_2-2-算术运算符" tabindex="-1">2.2 算术运算符 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-算术运算符" aria-label="Permalink to "2.2 算术运算符""></a></h2><ul><li>算术运算符是对数值类型的变量进行运算的，如下所示：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>运算符</th><th>描述</th><th>操作数个数</th><th>组成的表达式的值</th><th>副作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>正号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数本身</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>负号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数符号取反</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>加号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之和</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>减号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之差</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>*</code></td><td>乘号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之积</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>/</code></td><td>除号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之商</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>%</code></td><td>取模（取余）</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数相除的余数</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>++</code></td><td>自增</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自增前或自增后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr><tr><td><code>--</code></td><td>自减</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自减前或自减后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>自增和自减：</p><ul><li>① 自增、自减运算符可以写在操作数的前面也可以写在操作数后面，不论前面还是后面，对操作数的副作用是一致的。</li><li>② 自增、自减运算符在前在后，对于表达式的值是不同的。 如果运算符在前，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之后的值；如果运算符在后，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之前的值。</li><li>③ <code>变量前++</code>：变量先自增 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后++</code>：变量先运算，然后再自增 1 。</li><li>④ <code>变量前--</code>：变量先自减 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后--</code>：变量先运算，然后再自减 1 。</li><li>⑤ 对于 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，各种编程语言的用法和支持是不同的，例如：C/C++、Java 等完全支持，Python 压根一点都不支持，Go 语言虽然支持 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，却只支持这些操作符作为独立的语句，并且不能嵌入在其它的表达式中。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：正号和负号</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_1-7-4-数据类型转换只是临时性的" tabindex="-1">1.7.4 数据类型转换只是临时性的 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-7-4-数据类型转换只是临时性的" aria-label="Permalink to "1.7.4 数据类型转换只是临时性的""></a></h3><ul><li>无论是自动类型转换还是强制类型转换，都是为了本次运算而进行的临时性转换，其转换的结果只会保存在临时的内存空间，并不会改变数据原先的类型或值，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> total </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 100.12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 总价</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 总数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> price </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0.0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 单价</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line highlighted"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> totalInt </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)total;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 强制类型转换</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> price </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> total </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算单价</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"total = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, total);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // total = 100.12</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"totalInt = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, totalInt);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // totalInt = 100</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"price = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, price);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // price = 50.06</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><ul><li>虽然 <code>total</code> 变量，通过强制类型转换变为了 <code>int</code> 类型，才可以赋值给 <code>totalInt</code>变量；但是，这种转换并没有影响 <code>total</code> 变量本身的<code>类型</code>和<code>值</code>。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 如果 <code>total</code> 变量的<code>值</code>或<code>类型</code>变化了，那么 <code>total</code> 的显示结果，就应该是 <code>100.00</code> ，而不是 <code>100.12</code> 。</li><li>② 那么，<code>price</code> 的结果，显而易见就应该是 <code>50.00</code> ，而不是 <code>50.06</code> 了。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_1-7-5-自动类型转换-vs-强制类型转换" tabindex="-1">1.7.5 自动类型转换 VS 强制类型转换 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-7-5-自动类型转换-vs-强制类型转换" aria-label="Permalink to "1.7.5 自动类型转换 VS 强制类型转换""></a></h3><ul><li>在 C 语言中，有些数据类型即可以自动类型转换，也可以强制类型转换，如：<code>int --> double</code>、<code>double --> int</code> 等。但是，有些数据类型只能强制类型转换，不能自动类型转换，如：<code>void* --> int*</code> 。</li><li>可以自动类型转换的类型一定可以强制类型转换；但是，可以强制类型转换的类型却不一定能够自动类型转换。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 目前学习到的数据类型，既可以自动类型转换，也可以强制类型转换。</li><li>② 后面，如果学到指针，就会发生指针有的时候，只能强制类型转换却不能自动类型转换；需要说明的是，并非所有的指针都可以强制类型转换，是有条件的，后文讲解。</li></ul></div><ul><li>可以自动类型转换的类型，在发生类型转换的时候，一般风险较低，不会给程序带来严重的后果，如：<code>int --> double</code> 就没什么毛病，而 <code>double --> int</code> 无非丢失精度而已。但是 ，只能强制类型转换的类型，在发生类型转换的时候，通常风险较高，如：<code>char* --> int*</code> 就非常奇怪，会导致取得的值也很奇怪，进而导致程序崩溃。</li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 在实际开发中，如果使用 C 语言进行开发，在进行强制类型转换的时候，需要小心谨慎，防止出现一些奇怪的问题，进而导致程序崩溃！！！</li><li>② 现代化的高级编程语言，如：Java 等，直接屏蔽了指针。所以，在使用这些编程语言的时候，无需担心进行强制类型转换时，会出现一些奇怪的问题，进而导致程序崩溃！！！</li></ul></div><h2 id="_1-8-再谈数据类型" tabindex="-1">1.8 再谈数据类型 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-8-再谈数据类型" aria-label="Permalink to "1.8 再谈数据类型""></a></h2><ul><li><p>通过之前的知识，我们知道，CPU 是直接和内存打交道的，CPU 在处理数据的时候，会将数据临时存放到内存中。内存那么大，CPU 是怎么找到对应的数据的？</p></li><li><p>首先，CPU 会将内存按照字节（1 Bytes = 8 bit，我们也称为存储单元）进行划分，如下所示：</p></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 操作系统其实并不会直接操作实际的内存，而是会通过内存管理单元（MMU）来操作内存，并通过虚拟地址映射（Virtual Address Mapping）将程序使用的虚拟地址转换为物理地址。虚拟地址映射可以实现内存保护、内存共享和虚拟内存等功能，使得程序能够使用比实际物理内存更大的内存空间，同时确保程序间不会相互干扰。</li><li>② 为了方便初学者学习，后文一律会描述 CPU 直接操作内存（这种说法不严谨，但足够简单和方便理解）。</li><li>③ 这些存储单元中，存储的都是 0 和 1 这样的数据，因为计算机只能识别二进制数。</li></ul></div><p><img src="/c/assets/17.CBpay1zM.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>并且，为了方便管理，每个独立的小单元格，即：存储单元，都有自己唯一的编号（内存地址），如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>之所以，要给每个存储单元加上内存地址，就是为了<code>加快</code>数据的<code>存取速度</code>，可以类比生活中的<code>字典</code>以及<code>快递单号</code>。</p></div><p><img src="/c/assets/18.g66usGgc.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>我们在定义变量的时候，是这么定义的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>上述的代码其实透露了三个重要的信息：</p><ul><li>① 数据存储在哪里。</li><li>② 数据的长度是多少。</li><li>③ 数据的处理方式。</li></ul></div><ul><li>其实，在编译器对程序进行编译的时候，是这样做的，如下所示：</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 编译器在编译的时候，就将变量替换为内存中存储单元的内存地址（知道了你家的门牌号），这样就可以方便的进行存取数据了（解答了上述的问题 ① ）。</li><li>② 变量中其实存储的是初始化值 10 在内存中存储单元的首地址，我们也知道，数据类型 int 的存储空间是 4 个字节，那么根据首地址 + 4 个字节就可以完整的将数据从内存空间中取出来或存进去（解答了上述的问题 ② ）。</li><li>③ 我们知道，数据在计算机底层的存储方式是不一样的，如：整数在计算机底层的存储就是计算机补码的方式，浮点数在计算机底层的存储类似于科学计数法；但是，字符类型在计算机底层的存储和整数以及浮点数完全不同，需要查码表，即：在存储的时候，需要先查询码表，转换为二进制进行存储；在读取的时候，也需要先查询码表，将二进制转换为对应的字符（解答了上述的问题 ③ ）。</li></ul></div><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① 数据类型只在定义变量的时候声明，而且必须声明；在使用变量的时候，就无需再声明，因为此时的数据类型已经确定的。</li><li>② 在实际开发中，我们通常将普通变量等价于内存中某个区域的值（底层到底是怎么转换的，那是编译器帮我们完成的，我们通常无需关心，也没必要关心）。</li><li>③ 某些动态的编程语言，如：JavaScript ，在定义变量的时候，是不需要给出数据类型的，编译器会根据赋值情况自动推断出变量的数据类型，貌似很智能；但是，这无疑增加了编译器的工作，降低了程序的性能（动态一时爽，重构火葬场，说的就是动态编程语言，不适合大型项目的开发；所以，之后微软推出了 TypeScript ，就是为了给 JavaScript 增加强类型系统，以提高开发和运行效率）。</li></ul></div><p><img src="/c/assets/19.BW4hoq9o.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h1 id="第二章-运算符-⭐" tabindex="-1">第二章：运算符（⭐） <a class="header-anchor" href="#第二章-运算符-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第二章：运算符（⭐）""></a></h1><h2 id="_2-1-概述" tabindex="-1">2.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li>运算符是一种特殊的符号，用于数据的运算、赋值和比较等。</li><li><code>表达式</code>指的是一组运算数、运算符的组合，表达式<code>一定具有值</code>，一个变量或一个常量可以是表达式，变量、常量和运算符也可以组成表达式，如：</li></ul><p><img src="/c/assets/20.DBXyt0gx.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><code>操作数</code>指的是<code>参与运算</code>的<code>值</code>或者<code>对象</code>，如：</li></ul><p><img src="/c/assets/21.QOjKI_7K.svg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>根据<code>操作数</code>的<code>个数</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>一元运算符（一目运算符）。</li><li>二元运算符（二目运算符）。</li><li>三元运算符（三目运算符）。</li></ul></li><li>根据<code>功能</code>，可以将运算符分为： <ul><li>算术运算符。</li><li>关系运算符（比较运算符）。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>赋值运算符。</li><li>逻辑运算符。</li><li>位运算符。</li><li>三元运算符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>掌握一个运算符，需要关注以下几个方面：</p><ul><li>① 运算符的含义。</li><li>② 运算符操作数的个数。</li><li>③ 运算符所组成的表达式。</li><li>④ 运算符有无副作用，即：运算后是否会修改操作数的值。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_2-2-算术运算符" tabindex="-1">2.2 算术运算符 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-算术运算符" aria-label="Permalink to "2.2 算术运算符""></a></h2><ul><li>算术运算符是对数值类型的变量进行运算的，如下所示：</li></ul><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>运算符</th><th>描述</th><th>操作数个数</th><th>组成的表达式的值</th><th>副作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>正号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数本身</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>负号</td><td>1</td><td>操作数符号取反</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td>加号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之和</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td>减号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之差</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>*</code></td><td>乘号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之积</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>/</code></td><td>除号</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数之商</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>%</code></td><td>取模（取余）</td><td>2</td><td>两个操作数相除的余数</td><td>❎</td></tr><tr><td><code>++</code></td><td>自增</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自增前或自增后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr><tr><td><code>--</code></td><td>自减</td><td>1</td><td>操作数自减前或自减后的值</td><td>✅</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>自增和自减：</p><ul><li>① 自增、自减运算符可以写在操作数的前面也可以写在操作数后面，不论前面还是后面，对操作数的副作用是一致的。</li><li>② 自增、自减运算符在前在后，对于表达式的值是不同的。 如果运算符在前，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之后的值；如果运算符在后，表达式的值是操作数自增、自减之前的值。</li><li>③ <code>变量前++</code>：变量先自增 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后++</code>：变量先运算，然后再自增 1 。</li><li>④ <code>变量前--</code>：变量先自减 1 ，然后再运算；<code>变量后--</code>：变量先运算，然后再自减 1 。</li><li>⑤ 对于 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，各种编程语言的用法和支持是不同的，例如：C/C++、Java 等完全支持，Python 压根一点都不支持，Go 语言虽然支持 <code>i++</code> 或 <code>i--</code> ，却只支持这些操作符作为独立的语句，并且不能嵌入在其它的表达式中。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例：正号和负号</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
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@ -954,8 +970,8 @@
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%s\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, str4);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 是好人</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><ul><li>像 <code>"我"</code>、<code>"爱你"</code>、<code>"你"</code>、<code>"是好人"</code>就是需要被处理的窄字符串，当程序运行的时候，它们会被加载进内存。并且，这些字符串中是包含中文的，所以一定不会使用 ASCII 编码。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>其实，对于代码中需要被处理的窄字符串，不同的编译器差别还是挺大的：</p><ul><li>微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码来保存这些字符。对于简体中文版的 Windows，使用的是 GBK 编码。</li><li>GCC、LLVM/Clang 编译器使用和源文件相同的编码来保存这些字符：如果源文件使用的是 UTF-8 编码，那么这些字符也使用 UTF-8 编码；如果源文件使用的是 GBK 编码，那么这些字符也使用 GBK 编码。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-4-总结" tabindex="-1">3.3.4 总结 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-4-总结" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.4 总结""></a></h3><ul><li>① 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的窄字符，在 C 语言中，使用的是 <code>ASCII</code> 编码。</li><li>② 对于 <code>wchar_t</code> 类型的<code>宽字符</code>和<code>宽字符串</code>，在 C 语言中，使用的 <code>UTF-16</code> 编码或者 <code>UTF-32</code> 编码，它们都是基于 Unicode 字符集的。</li><li>③ 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的<code>窄字符串</code>，微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码，GCC、LLVM/Clang 使用和源文件编码相同的编码。</li><li>④ 处理窄字符和处理宽字符使用的函数也不一样，如下所示： <ul><li><code><stdio.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putchar</code>、<code>puts</code>、<code>printf</code> 函数只能用来处理窄字符。</li><li><code><wchar.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putwchar</code>、<code>wprintf</code> 函数只能用来处理宽字符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① C 语言作为一门较为底层和古老的语言，对于字符的处理，之所以有这么多种方式，是因为历史遗留的原因和早期计算机资源有限的背景密切相关。</li><li>② 现代化的编程语言，如：C++ 、Java、Python 等都对字符串处理进行了改进和抽象，如：C++ 中的 <code>std::string</code> 和 Java 中的 <code>String</code>。并且，现代编程语言通常会自动管理内存，这样开发者就不需要手动处理字符串的内存分配和释放，从而减少了内存泄漏和缓冲区溢出等问题。当然，现代编程语言通常内置了对各种字符编码的支持，能够方便地处理不同语言的字符，如：Java 的 <code>String</code> 类和 Python 的 <code>str</code> 类型都默认支持 Unicode，可以轻松处理中文等多字节字符。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" tabindex="-1">3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集""></a></h3><ul><li>源文件使用的字符集，通常称为<code>编码字符集</code>，即：写代码的时候所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>源文件需要保存到硬盘，或者在网络上传输，使用的编码要尽量节省存储空间，同时要方便跨国交流，所以一般使用 UTF-8，这就是选择编码字符集的标准。</p></div><ul><li>程序中的字符或者字符串使用的字符集，通常称为<code>运行字符集</code>，即：程序运行时所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>程序中的字符或者字符串，在程序运行后必须被载入到内存，才能进行后续的处理，对于这些字符来说，要尽量选用能够提高处理速度的编码，如：UTF-16 和 UTF-32 编码就能够快速定位（查找）字符。</p></div><ul><li><code>编码字符集</code>是站在<code>存储</code>和<code>传输</code>的角度，而<code>运行字符集</code>是站在<code>处理</code>或者<code>操作</code>的角度，所以它们并不一定相同。</li></ul></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-28T01:38:54.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/02_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>变量和进制</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>大话小数</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><ul><li>像 <code>"我"</code>、<code>"爱你"</code>、<code>"你"</code>、<code>"是好人"</code>就是需要被处理的窄字符串，当程序运行的时候，它们会被加载进内存。并且，这些字符串中是包含中文的，所以一定不会使用 ASCII 编码。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>其实，对于代码中需要被处理的窄字符串，不同的编译器差别还是挺大的：</p><ul><li>微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码来保存这些字符。对于简体中文版的 Windows，使用的是 GBK 编码。</li><li>GCC、LLVM/Clang 编译器使用和源文件相同的编码来保存这些字符：如果源文件使用的是 UTF-8 编码，那么这些字符也使用 UTF-8 编码；如果源文件使用的是 GBK 编码，那么这些字符也使用 GBK 编码。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-4-总结" tabindex="-1">3.3.4 总结 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-4-总结" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.4 总结""></a></h3><ul><li>① 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的窄字符，在 C 语言中，使用的是 <code>ASCII</code> 编码。</li><li>② 对于 <code>wchar_t</code> 类型的<code>宽字符</code>和<code>宽字符串</code>，在 C 语言中，使用的 <code>UTF-16</code> 编码或者 <code>UTF-32</code> 编码，它们都是基于 Unicode 字符集的。</li><li>③ 对于 <code>char</code> 类型的<code>窄字符串</code>，微软的 MSVC 编译器使用本地编码，GCC、LLVM/Clang 使用和源文件编码相同的编码。</li><li>④ 处理窄字符和处理宽字符使用的函数也不一样，如下所示： <ul><li><code><stdio.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putchar</code>、<code>puts</code>、<code>printf</code> 函数只能用来处理窄字符。</li><li><code><wchar.h></code> 头文件中的 <code>putwchar</code>、<code>wprintf</code> 函数只能用来处理宽字符。</li></ul></li></ul><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><ul><li>① C 语言作为一门较为底层和古老的语言，对于字符的处理，之所以有这么多种方式，是因为历史遗留的原因和早期计算机资源有限的背景密切相关。</li><li>② 现代化的编程语言，如：C++ 、Java、Python 等都对字符串处理进行了改进和抽象，如：C++ 中的 <code>std::string</code> 和 Java 中的 <code>String</code>。并且，现代编程语言通常会自动管理内存，这样开发者就不需要手动处理字符串的内存分配和释放，从而减少了内存泄漏和缓冲区溢出等问题。当然，现代编程语言通常内置了对各种字符编码的支持，能够方便地处理不同语言的字符，如：Java 的 <code>String</code> 类和 Python 的 <code>str</code> 类型都默认支持 Unicode，可以轻松处理中文等多字节字符。</li></ul></div><h3 id="_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" tabindex="-1">3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-5-编码字符集和运行字符集" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3.5 编码字符集和运行字符集""></a></h3><ul><li>源文件使用的字符集，通常称为<code>编码字符集</code>，即：写代码的时候所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>源文件需要保存到硬盘，或者在网络上传输，使用的编码要尽量节省存储空间，同时要方便跨国交流，所以一般使用 UTF-8，这就是选择编码字符集的标准。</p></div><ul><li>程序中的字符或者字符串使用的字符集，通常称为<code>运行字符集</code>，即：程序运行时所使用的字符集。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>程序中的字符或者字符串，在程序运行后必须被载入到内存，才能进行后续的处理，对于这些字符来说，要尽量选用能够提高处理速度的编码，如：UTF-16 和 UTF-32 编码就能够快速定位（查找）字符。</p></div><ul><li><code>编码字符集</code>是站在<code>存储</code>和<code>传输</code>的角度，而<code>运行字符集</code>是站在<code>处理</code>或者<code>操作</code>的角度，所以它们并不一定相同。</li></ul></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-28T05:21:56.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/02_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>变量和进制</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>大话小数</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数据类型和运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>大话小数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>预处理器</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>内存管理</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-basic/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>调试工具和调试技巧（gdb和make）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>常用库函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C 语言高级</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量和内存分布</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针强化</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>结构体和文件的高级用法</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>链表和回调函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>编译过程和面向接口</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>项目构建工具</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_${commonDirectoryName}/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Conan </p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/04_linux/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 初识和安装</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 基础</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量、数据类型、运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>类和对象</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 引用</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>继承和派生</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 多态和虚函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>运算符重载</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>模板</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 异常</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/15_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>面向对象进阶</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/16_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作和 IO 流</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/17_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>STL（标准模板库）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 高级</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>QT 桌面开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 高并发服务器开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>目录</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--]--><div 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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-27T03:11:14.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>大话小数</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/06_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>数组</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><div class="warning custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">WARNING</p><p></p><p>在上述示例中，<code>arr</code> 和 <code>&arr</code> 的值是一样的，但是对应的含义是不同的。</p><ul><li>① <code>arr</code> 是数组名，在大多数情况下会转换为数组第一个元素的地址，即：<code>arr</code> 等价于 <code>&arr[0]</code>，其数据类型是 <code>int *</code>。</li><li>② <code>&arr</code>是数组名的地址，即整个数组的地址，它指向数组本身，并不是数组第一个元素的地址，<code>&arr</code> 的数据类型是 <code>int(*)[3]</code>。</li></ul></div></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-27T03:11:14.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>流程控制</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/07_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>指针</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"Address of array: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 返回整个数组的地址</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"Address of pointer: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">ptr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 返回指针变量ptr的地址</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div></li></ol><p>综上所述，通过这些示例和解释，可以看出数组名虽然在某些场合下可以像指针一样使用，但它并不是一个真正的指针变量，而是一个常量，表示数组的首地址。</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-28T01:38:54.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/06_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>数组</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/08_xdx/" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>函数</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><footer class="VPFooter has-sidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-e315a0ad><div class="container" data-v-e315a0ad><p class="message" data-v-e315a0ad>Released under the MIT License.</p><p class="copyright" data-v-e315a0ad>Copyright © 2024 许大仙</p></div></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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data-v-17a5e62e><button data-v-17a5e62e>返回顶部</button><!----></div></div></div><aside class="VPSidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-319d5ca6><div class="curtain" data-v-319d5ca6></div><nav class="nav" id="VPSidebarNav" aria-labelledby="sidebar-aria-label" tabindex="-1" data-v-319d5ca6><span class="visually-hidden" id="sidebar-aria-label" data-v-319d5ca6> Sidebar Navigation </span><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C 语言基础</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" 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data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数据类型和运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>大话小数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>预处理器</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>内存管理</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-basic/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>调试工具和调试技巧（gdb和make）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>常用库函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C 语言高级</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量和内存分布</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针强化</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>结构体和文件的高级用法</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>链表和回调函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>编译过程和面向接口</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>项目构建工具</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_${commonDirectoryName}/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Conan </p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/04_linux/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 初识和安装</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 基础</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量、数据类型、运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>类和对象</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 引用</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>继承和派生</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 多态和虚函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>运算符重载</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>模板</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 异常</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/15_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>面向对象进阶</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/16_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作和 IO 流</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/17_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>STL（标准模板库）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 高级</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>QT 桌面开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 高并发服务器开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>目录</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--]--><div 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data-v-17a5e62e><button data-v-17a5e62e>返回顶部</button><!----></div></div></div><aside class="VPSidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-319d5ca6><div class="curtain" data-v-319d5ca6></div><nav class="nav" id="VPSidebarNav" aria-labelledby="sidebar-aria-label" tabindex="-1" data-v-319d5ca6><span class="visually-hidden" id="sidebar-aria-label" data-v-319d5ca6> Sidebar Navigation </span><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C 语言基础</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" 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data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数据类型和运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>大话小数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>预处理器</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>内存管理</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-basic/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>调试工具和调试技巧（gdb和make）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/01_c-basic/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>常用库函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C 语言高级</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量和内存分布</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针强化</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>结构体和文件的高级用法</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>链表和回调函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/02_c-advance/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>编译过程和面向接口</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>项目构建工具</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>meson 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Cmake 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_${commonDirectoryName}/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Conan </p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 collapsible collapsed" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle</h3><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/03_build/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Gradle 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/04_linux/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 初识和安装</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 基础</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b7550ba0></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/01_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 入门</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/02_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>变量、数据类型、运算符</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/03_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>流程控制</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/04_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>数组</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/05_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>指针</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/06_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/07_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>自定义数据类型</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/08_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>类和对象</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/09_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 引用</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/10_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>继承和派生</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/11_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 多态和虚函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/12_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>运算符重载</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/13_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>模板</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/14_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 异常</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/15_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>面向对象进阶</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/16_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>文件操作和 IO 流</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b7550ba0 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/c/notes/05_cpp/17_xdx/" data-v-b7550ba0><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>STL（标准模板库）</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>C++ 高级</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>QT 桌面开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><div class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b7550ba0><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b7550ba0><div class="indicator" data-v-b7550ba0></div><p class="text" data-v-b7550ba0>Linux 高并发服务器开发</p><!----></div><!----></div></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>目录</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3f215769></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="content-container" data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-39a288b8><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _c_notes_" data-v-39a288b8><div><h1 id="c-c-学科" tabindex="-1">c/c++ 学科 <a class="header-anchor" href="#c-c-学科" aria-label="Permalink to "c/c++ 学科""></a></h1><hr><iframe src="https://roadmap.sh/r/embed?id=6695c8262b17b182cbf4b520" width="115%" height="500px" frameBorder="0"></iframe></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><!----><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>上次更新: <time datetime="2024-08-01T02:00:11.000Z" data-v-e98dd255></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span 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