2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
import{_ as s,c as i,o as a,a6 as n}from"./chunks/framework.CZRoMP2i.js";const l="/c/assets/1.CvTjP5jN.png",p="/c/assets/2.BR4TvWzU.png",h="/c/assets/3.hr3pCY5b.png",k="/c/assets/4.CgvWfxq4.png",t="/c/assets/5.DSekQATc.png",e="/c/assets/6.DjtEKfCa.png",r="/c/assets/7.BTWPdsCm.png",E="/c/assets/8.EoNXwZXz.png",d="/c/assets/9.iU-LaFqX.png",g="/c/assets/10.DYoXU9E6.jpg",y="/c/assets/11.DWDH3yqc.png",F="/c/assets/12.BvBjpbbE.png",c="/c/assets/13.CmPe90qp.png",b="/c/assets/14.MepLJvOt.jpg",u="/c/assets/15.CZUo3kuI.png",C="/c/assets/16.t7xuKRuB.png",o="/c/assets/17.Bkm40EoU.png",m="/c/assets/18.D0Mtsawg.png",B="/c/assets/19.C-mmUOKp.png",A="/c/assets/20.BvSSXPdI.png",D="/c/assets/21.uaya_nVR.png",v="/c/assets/22.CA2ak30R.png",q="/c/assets/9.NlBmD7pA.png",f="/c/assets/24.QdyrLkbx.jpeg",_="/c/assets/25.wg7a3XFP.gif",x="/c/assets/26.M8jrrq2u.gif",z="/c/assets/27.BdWdvezm.png",P="/c/assets/28.C_QI84u9.svg",w="/c/assets/29.BB6sjxx5.svg",T="/c/assets/30.CHyA9Yy8.svg",N="/c/assets/4.DqDR6Thp.svg",O="/c/assets/32.3t5rXZRH.gif",j="/c/assets/33.BRUArxJK.jpg",S="/c/assets/34.DIXK93xX.jpg",I="/c/assets/35.Bvu6CpUv.gif",H="/c/assets/36.DHPPX3_T.gif",W="/c/assets/37.EU7nYUIS.svg",U="/c/assets/38.BMoE_Ep0.svg",Q=JSON.parse('{"title":"第一章:数组的概念","description":"","frontmatter":{},"headers":[],"relativePath":"notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/index.md","filePath":"notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/index.md","lastUpdated":1723430837000}'),Z={name:"notes/01_c-basic/05_xdx/index.md"},L=n(`<h1 id="第一章-数组的概念" tabindex="-1">第一章:数组的概念 <a class="header-anchor" href="#第一章-数组的概念" aria-label="Permalink to "第一章:数组的概念""></a></h1><h2 id="_1-1-为什么需要数组" tabindex="-1">1.1 为什么需要数组? <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-为什么需要数组" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1 为什么需要数组?""></a></h2><h3 id="_1-1-1-需求分析-1" tabindex="-1">1.1.1 需求分析 1 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-1-需求分析-1" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1.1 需求分析 1""></a></h3><ul><li>需要统计某公司 50 个员工的工资情况,例如:计算平均工资、最高工资等。如果使用之前的知识,我们需要声明 50 个变量来分别记录每位员工的工资,即:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(){</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num1 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num2 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num3 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ...</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入第 1 个员工的工资:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%lf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num1);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入第 2 个员工的工资:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%lf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num2);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入第 3 个员工的工资:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%lf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num3);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ... </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><ul><li>这样会感觉特别机械和麻烦(全是复制(Ctrl + c)和粘贴(Ctrl + v),CV 大法);此时,我们就可以将所有的<code>数据</code>全部存储到一个<code>容器(数组)</code>中进行统一管理,并进行其它的操作,如:求最值、求平均值等,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(){</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 声明数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> nums</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">50</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(nums) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 使用 for 循环向数组中添加值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length;i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">){</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入第 &d 个员工的工资:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,i);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%lf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">num</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 其它操作,如:求最值,求平均值等</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ... </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_1-1-2-需求分析-2" tabindex="-1">1.1.2 需求分析 2 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-2-需求分析-2" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1.2 需求分析 2""></a></h3><ul><li>在现实生活中,我们会使用很多 APP 或微信小程序等,即:</li></ul><p><img src="`+l+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>同样的道理,如果我们使用变量来存储每个商品信息,那么就需要非常多的变量;但是,如果我们将这些<code>商品信息</code>都存储到一个<code>容器(数组)</code>中,进行统一管理;那么,之后的数据处理将会非常方便。</li></ul><h3 id="_1-1-3-容器的概念" tabindex="-1">1.1.3 容器的概念 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-3-容器的概念" aria-label="Permalink to "1.1.3 容器的概念""></a></h3><ul><li><code>生活中的容器</code>:水杯(装水、饮料的容器)、衣柜(装衣服等物品的容器)、集装箱(装货物等物品的容器)。</li><li><code>程序中的容器</code>:将多个数据存储到一起,并且每个数据称为该容器中的元素。</li></ul><h2 id="_1-2-什么是数组" tabindex="-1">1.2 什么是数组? <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-什么是数组" aria-label="Permalink to "1.2 什么是数组?""></a></h2><ul><li>数组(Array)是将多个<code>相同数据类型</code>的<code>数据</code>按照一定的顺序排序的<code>集合</code>,并使用一个<code>标识符</code>命名,以及通过<code>编号(索引,亦称为下标)</code>的方式对这些数据进行统一管理。</li></ul><p><img src="'+p+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="_1-3-数组的相关概念" tabindex="-1">1.3 数组的相关概念 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-3-数组的相关概念" aria-label="Permalink to "1.3 数组的相关概念""></a></h2><ul><li><code>数组名</code>:本质上是一个标识符常量,命名需要符合标识符规则和规范。</li><li><code>元素</code>:同一个数组中的元素必须是相同的数据类型。</li><li><code>索引(下标)</code>:从 0 开始的连续数字。</li><li><code>数组的长度</code>:就是元素的个数。</li></ul><h2 id="_1-4-数组的特点" tabindex="-1">1.4 数组的特点 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-4-数组的特点" aria-label="Permalink to "1.4 数组的特点""></a></h2><ul><li>① 创建数组的时候,会在内存中开辟一整块<code>连续的空间</code>,占据空间的大小,取决于数组的长度和数组中元素的类型。</li><li>② 数组中的元素在内存中是依次紧密排列且有序的。</li><li>③ 数组一旦初始化完成,且长度就确定的,并且<code>数组的长度一旦确定,就不能更改</code>。</li><li>④ 我们可以直接通过索引(下标)来获取指定位置的元素,速度很快。</li><li>⑤ 数组名中引用的是这块连续空间的首地址。</li></ul><h1 id="第二章-数组的操作-⭐" tabindex="-1">第二章:数组的操作(⭐) <a class="header-anchor" href="#第二章-数组的操作-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第二章:数组的操作(⭐)""></a></h1><h2 id="_2-1-数组的定义" tabindex="-1">2.1 数组的定义
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 先指定元素的个数和类型,再进行初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 给数组元素赋值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 20</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 30</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-1-2-静态初始化-1" tabindex="-1">2.1.2 静态初始化 1 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-2-静态初始化-1" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1.2 静态初始化 1""></a></h3><ul><li>语法:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">数据类型 数组名[元素个数</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">|</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">长度] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {元素1,元素2,...}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 静态部分初始化:如果数组初始化的元素个数<code>小于</code>数组声明的长度,那么就会从数组开始位置依次赋值,不够的就补 0 。</li><li>② 静态全部初始化:数组初始化的元素个数<code>等于</code>数组的长度。</li></ul></div><ul><li><p>技巧:</p><ul><li>在 CLion 中可以开启<code>聚合初始化</code>功能,即:</li></ul><p><img src="`+h+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>这样,在 CLion 中,将会显示数组初始化中的元素索引,即:</li></ul><p><img src="'+k+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p></li><li><p>示例:静态部分初识化</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和部分初始化:</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 会将给定的值从数组的开始位置一个个的赋值,没有赋值的地方,用 0 填充</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:静态全部初始化</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和全部初始化:数组初始化的元素个数等于数组的长度。</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-1-3-静态初始化-2" tabindex="-1">2.1.3 静态初始化 2 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-3-静态初始化-2" aria-label="Permalink to "2.1.3 静态初始化 2""></a></h3><ul><li>语法:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">数据类型 数组名</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {元素1,元素2,...}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>没有给出数组中元素的个数,将由系统根据初始化的元素,自动推断出数组中元素的个数。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 指定元素的类型,不指定元素个数,同时进行初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-2-访问数组元素" tabindex="-1">2.2 访问数组元素 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-访问数组元素" aria-label="Permalink to "2.2 访问数组元素""></a></h2><ul><li>语法:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">数组名[索引</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">|</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">下标];</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>假设数组 <code>arr</code> 有 n 个元素,如果使用的数组的下标 <code>< 0</code> 或 <code>> n-1</code> ,那么将会产生数组越界访问,即超出了数组合法空间的访问;那么,数组的索引范围是 <code>[0,arr.length - 1]</code>。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 先指定元素的个数和类型,再进行初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 给数组元素赋值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 20</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 30</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 访问数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] = 10</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] = 20</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] = 30</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和部分初始化:</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 会将给定的值从数组的开始位置一个个的赋值,没有赋值的地方,用 0 填充</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 访问数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] = 1</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] = 2</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] = 0</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[3] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[3] = 0</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[4] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[4] = 0</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 指定元素的类型,不指定元素个数,同时进行初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 访问数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] = 1</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] = 2</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] = 3</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[3] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[3] = 4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[4] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[4] = 5</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和全部初始化:数组初始化的元素个数等于数组的长度。</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 访问数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] = 1</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] = 2</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] = 3</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[3] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[3] = 4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[4] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[4] = 5</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-3-数组越界" tabindex="-1">2.3 数组越界 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-3-数组越界" aria-label="Permalink to "2.3 数组越界""></a></h2><ul><li>数组下标必须在指定范围内使用,超出范围视为越界。</li></ul><p><img src="`+t+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① C 语言是不会做数组下标越界的检查,并且编译器也不会报错;但是,编译器不报错,并不意味着程序就是正确!</li><li>② 在其它高级编程语言,如:Java、JavaScript、Rust 等中,如果数组越界访问,编译器是会直接报错的!!!</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和全部初始化:数组初始化的元素个数等于数组的长度。</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 访问数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] = 1</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] = 2</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] = 3</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[3] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[3] = 4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[4] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[4] = 5</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[-1] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 得到的是不确定的结果</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[5] = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 得到的是不确定的结果</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-4-计算数组的长度" tabindex="-1">2.4 计算数组的长度 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-4-计算数组的长度" aria-label="Permalink to "2.4 计算数组的长度""></a></h2><ul><li>数组长度(元素个数)是在数组定义的时候明确指定且固定的,我们不能在运行的时候直接获取数组长度;但是,我们可以通过 sizeof 运算符间接计算出数组的长度。</li><li>计算步骤,如下所示: <ul><li>① 使用 sizeof 运算符计算出整个数组的字节长度。</li><li>② 由于数组成员是同一数据类型;那么,每个元素的字节长度一定相等,那么<code>数组的长度 = 整个数组的字节长度 ÷ 单个元素的字节长度 </code>。</li></ul></li></ul><p><img src="`+e+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 在很多编程语言中,都内置了获取数组的长度的属性或方法,如:Java 中的 arr.length 或 Rust 的 arr.len()。</li><li>② 但是,C 语言没有内置的获取数组长度的属性或方法,只能通过 sizeof 运算符间接来计算得到。</li><li>③ 数组一旦<code>声明</code>或<code>定义</code>,其<code>长度</code>就<code>固定</code>了,<code>不能动态变化</code>。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组和全部初始化:数组初始化的元素个数等于数组的长度。</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-5-遍历数组" tabindex="-1">2.5 遍历数组 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-5-遍历数组" aria-label="Permalink to "2.5 遍历数组""></a></h2><ul><li><p>遍历数组是指按顺序访问数组中的每个元素,以便读取或修改它们,编程中一般使用循环结构对数组进行遍历。</p></li><li><p>示例:声明一个存储有 12、2、31、24、15、36、67、108、29、51 的数组,并遍历数组所有元素</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:声明长度为 10 的 int 类型数组,给数组元素依次赋值为 0 ~ 9 ,并遍历数组所有元素</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 给数组的每个元素赋值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-6-一维数组的内存分析" tabindex="-1">2.6 一维数组的内存分析 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-6-一维数组的内存分析" aria-label="Permalink to "2.6 一维数组的内存分析""></a></h2><h3 id="_2-6-1-数组内存图" tabindex="-1">2.6.1 数组内存图 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-6-1-数组内存图" aria-label="Permalink to "2.6.1 数组内存图""></a></h3><ul><li>假设数组是如下的定义:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>那么,对应的内存结构,如下所示:</li></ul><p><img src="`+r+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 数组名 <code>arr</code> 就是记录该数组的首地址,即 <code>arr[0]</code> 的地址。</li><li>② 数组中的各个元素是连续分布的,假设 <code>arr[0]</code> 的地址是 <code>0xdea7bff880</code>,则 <code>arr[1] 的地址 = arr[0] 的地址 + int 字节数(4) = 0xdea7bff880 + 4 = 0xdea7bff884</code> ,依次类推...</li></ul></div><ul><li>在 C 语言中,我们可以通过 <code>&arr</code> 或 <code>&arr[0]</code> 等形式获取数组或数组元素的地址,即:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 给数组的每个元素赋值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组的地址是 = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, arr);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组元素 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 的地址是 = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i], </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-6-2-数组的注意事项" tabindex="-1">2.6.2 数组的注意事项 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-6-2-数组的注意事项" aria-label="Permalink to "2.6.2 数组的注意事项""></a></h3><ul><li><code>C 语言规定,数组一旦声明,数组名指向的地址将不可更改</code>。因为在声明数组的时候,编译器会自动会数组分配内存地址,这个地址和数组名是绑定的,不可更改。</li></ul><div class="warning custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">WARNING</p><p></p><p>如果之后试图更改数组名对应的地址,编译器就会报错。</p></div><ul><li>示例:错误演示</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> num</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 声明数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">// 使用大括号重新赋值是不允许的,必须在数组声明的时候赋值,否则编译将会报错</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">} ;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 报错</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:错误演示</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">// 使用大括号重新赋值是不允许的,必须在数组声明的时候赋值,否则编译将会报错</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">6</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 报错</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:错误演示</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> num</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> NULL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 报错,需要和 Java 区别一下,在 C 中不可以</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:错误演示</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> a</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">} </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> a ;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 报错,需要和 Java 区别一下,在 C 中不可以</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-7-数组应用案例" tabindex="-1">2.7 数组应用案例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-数组应用案例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7 数组应用案例""></a></h2><h3 id="_2-7-1-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.1 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-1-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.1 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li><p>需求:计算数组中所有元素的和以及平均数。</p></li><li><p>示例:</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 变量保存总和</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> avg </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组的和为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, sum);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 数组的和为:375</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组的平均值为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, avg);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> //数组的平均值为:37.50</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-2-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.2 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-2-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.2 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li>需求:计算数组的最值(最大值和最小值)。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>思路:</p><ul><li>① 假设数组中的第一个元素是最大值或最小值,并使用变量 max 或 min 保存。</li><li>② 遍历数组中的每个元素: <ul><li>如果有元素比最大值还要大,就让变量 max 保存最大值。</li><li>如果有元素比最小值还要小,就让变量 min 保存最小值。</li></ul></li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义最大值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> max </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义最小值</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> min </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">>=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> max) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> max </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> min) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> min </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组的最大值为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, max);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 数组的最大值为:108</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"数组的最小值为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, min);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 数组的最小值为:-36</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-3-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.3 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-3-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.3 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li><p>需求:统计数组中某个元素出现的次数,要求:使用无限循环,如果输入的数字是 0 ,就退出。</p></li><li><p>示例:</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"当前数组中的元素是:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 无限循环</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> while</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">true</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 统计的数字</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 统计数字出现的次数</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 输入数字</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入要统计的数字:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">num);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 0 作为结束条件</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (num </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">==</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> break</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组,并计数</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">==</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> num) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> count</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"您输入的数字 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 在数组中出现了 </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 次</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, num, count);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-4-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.4 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-4-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.4 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li><p>需求:将数组 a 中的全部元素复制到数组 b 中。</p></li><li><p>示例:</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> SIZE</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> a</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[SIZE];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 复制数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> a</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印数组 b 中的全部元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-5-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.5 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-5-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.5 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li>需求:数组对称位置的元素互换。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>思路:假设数组一共有 10 个元素,那么:</p><ul><li>a[0] 和 a[9] 互换。</li><li>a[1] 和 a[8] 互换。</li><li>...</li></ul><p>规律就是 <code>a[i] <--互换--> arr[arr.length -1 -i]</code></p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 原始数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印原始数组中的全部元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"原始数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 交换数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印交换后的数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"交换后数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 原始数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">108</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印原始数组中的全部元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"原始数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 交换数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, j</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">--</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[j];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[j] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印交换后的数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"交换后数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> SIZE; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-6-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.6 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-6-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.6 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li>需求:将数组中的最大值移动到数组的最末尾。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>思路:从数组的下标 <code>0</code> 开始依次遍历到 <code>length - 1</code> ,如果 <code>i</code> 下标当前的值比 <code>i+1</code> 下标的值大,则交换;否则,就不交换。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 原始数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">891</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印原始数组中的全部元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"原始数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 移动最大值到数组的最后一个位置</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印移动之后的数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"移动之后的数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_2-7-7-应用示例" tabindex="-1">2.7.7 应用示例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-7-7-应用示例" aria-label="Permalink to "2.7.7 应用示例""></a></h3><ul><li>需求:实现冒泡排序,即将数组的元素从小到大排列。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>思路:一层循环,能实现最大值移动到数组的最后;那么,二层循环(控制内部循环数组的长度)就能实现将数组的元素从小到大排序。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 原始数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">31</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">24</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">36</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">67</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">891</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">29</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">51</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 计算数组的长度</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> size_t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印原始数组中的全部元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"原始数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; j</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> j; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> temp;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印移动之后的数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"移动之后的数组:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> length; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br></div></div><h1 id="第三章-多维数组-⭐" tabindex="-1">第三章:多维数组(⭐) <a class="header-anchor" href="#第三章-多维数组-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第三章:多维数组(⭐)""></a></h1><h2 id="_3-1-概述" tabindex="-1">3.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "3.1 概述""></a></h2><h3 id="_3-1-1-引入" tabindex="-1">3.1.1 引入 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-1-1-引入" aria-label="Permalink to "3.1.1 引入""></a></h3><ul><li><p>我们在数学、物理和计算机科学等学科中学习过<code>一维坐标</code>、<code>二维坐标</code>以及<code>三维坐标</code>。</p></li><li><p>其中,<code>一维坐标</code>通常用于描述在线段或直线上的点的位置,主要应用有:</p><ul><li><strong>数轴</strong>:一维坐标可以用来表示数轴上的数值位置,这在基础数学和初等代数中非常常见。</li></ul><p><img src="`+E+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><strong>时间轴</strong>:时间可以看作是一维的,它可以用一维坐标表示,例如:秒、分钟、小时等。</li></ul><p><img src="'+d+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><strong>统计数据</strong>:一维坐标常用于表示单变量的数据集,如:测量身高、体重、温度等。</li></ul><p><img src="'+g+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p></li><li><p>其中,<code>二维坐标</code>用于描述平面上的点的位置。主要应用包括:</p><ul><li><strong>几何学</strong>:在几何学中,二维坐标用于表示平面图形的顶点、边和面积等。</li></ul><p><img src="'+y+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><strong>地图和导航</strong>:地理坐标系统(经纬度)使用二维坐标来表示地球表面的任意位置。</li></ul><p><img src="'+F+'" alt="image-20240724112326592" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><strong>图形设计和计算机图形学</strong>:二维坐标在绘制图形、设计图案和用户界面中非常重要。</li></ul><p><img src="'+c+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li><strong>物理学</strong>:二维运动和场,例如:在描述物体在平面上的运动轨迹时使用二维坐标。</li></ul><p><img src="'+b+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p></li><li><p>其中,三维坐标用于描述空间中点的位置。主要应用包括:</p><ul><li><strong>几何学</strong>:三维坐标在空间几何中用于表示立体图形的顶点、边、面和体积。</li></ul><p><img sr
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义二维数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">6</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">7</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">8</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">9</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 输出二维数组中的元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_3-2-2-静态初始化-1" tabindex="-1">3.2.2 静态初始化 1 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-2-静态初始化-1" aria-label="Permalink to "3.2.2 静态初始化 1""></a></h3><ul><li>语法:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">数据类型 数组名[行数][列数] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{元素1,元素2,...},{元素3,...},...}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 行数 = 几个一维数组元素。</li><li>② 列数 = 每个⼀维数组中有几个具体的数据元素。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
2024-07-24 10:04:26 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义二维数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">6</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">7</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">8</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">9</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}};</span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 输出二维数组中的元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
2024-07-24 10:04:26 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-07-24 10:04:26 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_3-2-3-静态初始化-2" tabindex="-1">3.2.3 静态初始化 2 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-3-静态初始化-2" aria-label="Permalink to "3.2.3 静态初始化 2""></a></h3><ul><li>语法:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">数据类型 数组名</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[列数] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{元素1,元素2,...},{元素3,...},...}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 列数 = 每个⼀维数组中有几个具体的数据元素。</li><li>② 可以不指定行数,必须指定列数,编译器会根据元素的个数和列的个数,自动推断出行数!!!</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义二维数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">6</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">9</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 输出二维数组中的元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_3-3-二维数组的理解" tabindex="-1">3.3 二维数组的理解 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-二维数组的理解" aria-label="Permalink to "3.3 二维数组的理解""></a></h2><ul><li>如果二维数组是这么定义的,即:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>那么,这个二维数组 <code>arr</code> 可以看做是 <code>3</code> 个一维数组组成,它们分别是 <code>arr[0]</code>、<code>arr[1]</code>、<code>arr[2]</code>。这 <code>3</code> 个一维数组都各有 4 个元素,如:一维数组 <code>arr[0]</code> 中的元素是 <code>arr[0][0]</code>、<code>arr[0][1]</code>、<code>arr[0][2]</code>、<code>arr[0][3]</code>,即:</li></ul><p><img src="`+A+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="_3-4-二维数组的遍历" tabindex="-1">3.4 二维数组的遍历 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-4-二维数组的遍历" aria-label="Permalink to "3.4 二维数组的遍历""></a></h2><ul><li>访问二维数组的元素,需要使用两个下标(索引),一个用于访问行(第一维),另一个用于访问列(第二维),我们通常称为行下标(行索引)或列下标(列索引)。</li><li>所以,遍历二维数组,需要使用双层循环结构。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>如果一个二维数组是这么定义的,即:<code>int arr[3][4]</code>,那么:</p><ul><li><code>行的长度 = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0])</code> ,因为 <code>arr</code> 是二维数组的<code>总</code>的内存空间;而 <code>arr[0]</code> 、<code>arr[1]</code>、<code>arr[2]</code> 是二维数组中一维数组的内存空间 。</li><li><code>列的长度 = sizeof(arr[0]) / sizeof(arr[0][0])</code>,因为<code>arr[0]</code> 、<code>arr[1]</code>、<code>arr[2]</code> 是二维数组中一维数组的内存空间 ,而 <code>arr[0][0]</code>、<code>arr[0][1]</code>、... 是一维数组中元素的内存空间。</li></ul></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义二维数组</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">6</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}, {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">9</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">12</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 获取行列数</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> row </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 打印二维数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> row; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col; j</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i][j]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_3-5-二维数组的内存分析" tabindex="-1">3.5 二维数组的内存分析 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-5-二维数组的内存分析" aria-label="Permalink to "3.5 二维数组的内存分析""></a></h2><ul><li><p>用<code>矩阵形式</code>(如:3 行 4 列形式)表示二维数组,是<code>逻辑</code>上的概念,能形象地表示出行列关系。而在<code>内存</code>中,各元素是连续存放的,不是二维的,是<code>线性</code>的。</p></li><li><p>C 语言中,二维数组中元素排列的顺序是<code>按行存放</code>的。即:先顺序存放第一行的元素,再存放第二行的元素。例如:数组<code>a[3][4] </code>在内存中的存放,如下所示:</p></li></ul><p><img src="`+D+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="_3-6-二维数组的应用案例" tabindex="-1">3.6 二维数组的应用案例 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-6-二维数组的应用案例" aria-label="Permalink to "3.6 二维数组的应用案例""></a></h2><ul><li><p>需求:现在有三个班,每个班五名同学,用二维数组保存他们的成绩,并求出每个班级平均分、以及所有班级平均分,数据要求从控制台输入。</p></li><li><p>示例:</p></li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-07-24 09:39:31 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义二维数组,用于保存成绩</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 获取二维数组的行数和列数</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> row </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(arr) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> sizeof</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">][</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 从控制台输入成绩</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> row; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col; j</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入第</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">个班级的第</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">个学生的成绩:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%lf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i][j]);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 总分</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> totalSum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 遍历数组,求总分和各个班级的平均分</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> row; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">; j </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col; j</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> totalSum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i][j];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[i][j];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"第</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">个班级的总分为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, sum);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"第</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">个班级的平均分为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, sum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"所有班级的总分为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, totalSum);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"所有班级的平均分为:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%.2lf\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, totalSum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> (row </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">*</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> col));</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br></div></div><h1 id="第四章-字符串-⭐" tabindex="-1">第四章:字符串(⭐) <a class="header-anchor" href="#第四章-字符串-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第四章:字符串(⭐)""></a></h1><h2 id="_4-1-概述" tabindex="-1">4.1 概述 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-1-概述" aria-label="Permalink to "4.1 概述""></a></h2><ul><li>在实际开发中,我们除了经常处理整数、浮点数、字符等,还经常和字符串打交道,如:<code>"Hello World"</code>、<code>"Hi"</code> 等。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>像这类<code>"Hello World"</code>、<code>"Hi"</code>等格式 ,使用双引号引起来的一串字符称为字符串字面值,简称字符串。</p></div><ul><li>对于整数、浮点数和字符,C 语言中都提供了对应的数据类型。但是,对于字符串,C 语言并没有提供对应的数据类型,而是用<code>字符数组</code>来存储这类文本类型的数据,即字符串:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> str</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">32</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>字符串不像整数、浮点数以及字符那样有固定的大小,字符串是不定长的,如:<code>"Hello World"</code>、<code>"Hi"</code> 等的长度就是不一样的。在 C 语言中,规定了字符串的结尾必须是 <code>\\0</code> ,这种字符串也被称为 <code>C 风格的字符串</code>,如:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62
|
2024-08-01 10:49:10 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 禁用 stdout 缓冲区</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> setbuf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(stdout, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">NULL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 字符数组,不是字符串</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'H'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'e'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'o'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">' '</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'W'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'o'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'r'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'d'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // C 风格的字符串</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'H'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'e'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'o'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">' '</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'W'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'o'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'r'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'l'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'d'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_4-2-2-简化写法-推荐" tabindex="-1">4.2.2 简化写法(推荐) <a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-2-简化写法-推荐" aria-label="Permalink to "4.2.2 简化写法(推荐)""></a></h3><ul><li>字符串写成数组的形式,非常麻烦。C 语言中提供了一种简化写法,即:双引号中的字符,会自动视为字符数组。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>简化写法会自动在末尾添加 <code>\\0</code> 字符,强烈推荐使用。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 禁用 stdout 缓冲区</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> setbuf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(stdout, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">NULL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"Hello World"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 注意使用双引号,非单引号</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "Hello World"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // //可以省略一对 {} 来初始化数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_4-3-字符串的输入和输出" tabindex="-1">4.3 字符串的输入和输出 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-3-字符串的输入和输出" aria-label="Permalink to "4.3 字符串的输入和输出""></a></h2><ul><li>对于字符串的输入和输出,同样可以使用 <code>scanf</code> 和 <code>printf</code> 函数来实现,并且其格式占位符是 <code>%s</code>。</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><p>之前提到,对于 scanf 函数而言,<code>%s</code> 默认是匹配到空格或 Enter 键,如果我们输入的字符串是 <code>Hello World</code>,就只能得到 <code>Hello</code> ;如果要实现匹配到换行,则可以在输入的时候,将格式占位符 <code>%s</code>替换为 <code>%[^\\n]</code>。</p></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 禁用 stdout 缓冲区</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> setbuf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(stdout, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">NULL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"Hello World"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 注意使用双引号,非单引号</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> c2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> "Hello World"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // //可以省略一对 {} 来初始化数组元素</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"c1 = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%s\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, c1);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // c1 = Hello World</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"c2 = </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%s\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, c2);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // c2 = Hello World</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 禁用 stdout 缓冲区</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> setbuf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(stdout, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">NULL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> char</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> str</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">32</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">];</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"请输入字符串:"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> scanf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B31D28;--shiki-dark:#FDAEB7;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">%</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">[^</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">]"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, str);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"字符串是:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%s\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, str);</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h1 id="第五章-内存中的变量和数组-⭐" tabindex="-1">第五章:内存中的变量和数组(⭐) <a class="header-anchor" href="#第五章-内存中的变量和数组-⭐" aria-label="Permalink to "第五章:内存中的变量和数组(⭐)""></a></h1><h2 id="_5-1-内存和内存地址" tabindex="-1">5.1 内存和内存地址 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-1-内存和内存地址" aria-label="Permalink to "5.1 内存和内存地址""></a></h2><h3 id="_5-1-1-内存" tabindex="-1">5.1.1 内存 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-1-1-内存" aria-label="Permalink to "5.1.1 内存""></a></h3><ul><li><p><code>内存</code>是一种<code>计算机硬件</code>,是<code>软件</code>在<code>运行过程</code>中,用来<code>临时存储数据</code>的。在生活中,最为常见的<code>内存</code>就是<code>随机存取存储器(RAM,内存条</code>),其特点如下所示:</p><ul><li>① 生活中最常见的内存类型,用于存储当前运行的程序和数据。</li><li>② 内存是易失性存储器,这意味着断电后数据会丢失。</li><li>③ 它具有高速读写特性,适用于需要快速访问的操作。</li></ul></li><li><p>内存条的外观,如下所示:</p></li></ul><p><img src="`+f+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>像我们平常使用<code>记事本</code>软件一样,当我们输入一些文字的时候,其实是将数据<code>临时</code>保存在内存中的,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 目前,很多软件都很智能,如果用户没有将数据到保存文件中,将显示红色,以警告用户还没有保存数据,提醒用户需要尽快保存数据!!!</li><li>② 但是,也有很多软件提供了自动保存数据的功能,其原理就是定时(1s、3s、5s)将内存中的数据刷新到文件中,以防止数据丢失!!!</li><li>③ 将数据从内存存储到文件中,专业的说法是落盘(落在磁盘上)。</li></ul></div><p><img src="'+_+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>此时,如果我们在没有保存的过程下,将<code>记事本</code>软件关闭,那么刚才输入的文字将丢失;下次,再打开同样的文件(将数据从磁盘加载进内存,再交给 CPU),之前输入的文字将不复存在,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① 目前,很多软件都很智能,如果你没有保存,将提醒你是否保存或丢失刚才输入的文字。</li><li>② 但是,也有很多软件提供了自动保存数据的功能,其原理就是定时(1s、3s、5s)将内存中的数据刷新到文件中,以防止数据丢失!!!</li><li>③ 将数据从内存存储到文件中,专业的说法是落盘(落在磁盘上)。</li></ul></div><p><img src="'+x+'" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p></p><p>内存就是软件在运行过程中,用来临时存储数据的,最为重要的两个步骤就是:</p><ul><li>① 将数据<code>保存</code>到内存中。</li><li>② 从内存中的<code>对应位<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
2024-08-07 09:14:37 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(){</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义一个变量并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> a </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><ul><li>那么,编译器就会这么处理,如下所示:</li></ul><p><img src="`+W+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>在代码中,我们可以使用 <code>&变量名</code> 来获取一个变量的内存首地址,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-08-07 09:14:37 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义一个变量并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> a </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"变量 a 的首地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">a);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 变量 a 的首地址是: 0000002bf1dffd0c</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"变量 a 的中保存的值是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%d\\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, a);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 变量 a 的中保存的值是: 10</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-11 09:02:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><div class="note custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">NOTE</p><p></p><ul><li>① <code>变量</code>是对程序中<code>数据</code>在内存中存储空间的抽象,如果不涉及到指针变量,那我们在编码的时候,就只需要将变量等价于内存中存储空间里面存储的数据,而不需要再去考虑编译器底层是如何转换,提高了开发效率(机器语言和汇编可不是这样的,需要关注每个细节)。</li><li>② 数据类型只在<code>定义</code>变量的时候<code>指定</code>,而且必须指定;<code>使用</code>变量的时候<code>无需</code>再声明,因为此时的数据类型已经确定了。</li></ul></div><h2 id="_5-3-内存中的数组" tabindex="-1">5.3 内存中的数组 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-3-内存中的数组" aria-label="Permalink to "5.3 内存中的数组""></a></h2><ul><li>如果我们在代码中这么定义数组,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-08-07 09:14:37 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(){</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // 定义一个数组并初始化</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-15 05:48:49 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><ul><li>那么,编译器就会这么处理,如下所示:</li></ul><p><img src="`+U+`" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><ul><li>在代码中,我们可以直接打印数组名的内存地址,如下所示:</li></ul><div class="language-c vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">c</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">#include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> <stdio.h></span></span>
|
2024-08-07 09:14:37 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">() {</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">[]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">};</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr 的首地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, arr);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr 的首地址是: 0000003a6f7ffcd4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr 的首地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">arr);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // &arr 的地址是: 0000003a6f7ffcd4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[0] 的地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[0] 的地址是: 0000003a6f7ffcd4</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[1] 的地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[1] 的地址是: 0000003a6f7ffcd8</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> printf</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"arr[2] 的地址是: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">%p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> \\n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">&</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">arr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]);</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> // arr[2] 的地址是: 0000003a6f7ffcdc</span></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">;</span></span>
|
2024-08-11 01:49:02 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><div class="warning custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">WARNING</p><p></p><p>在上述示例中,<code>arr</code> 和 <code>&arr</code> 的值是一样的,但是对应的含义是不同的。</p><ul><li>① <code>arr</code> 是数组名,在大多数情况下会转换为数组第一个元素的地址,即:<code>arr</code> 等价于 <code>&arr[0]</code>,其数据类型是 <code>int *</code>。</li><li>② <code>&arr</code>是数组名的地址,即整个数组的地址,它指向数组本身,并不是数组第一个元素的地址,<code>&arr</code> 的数据类型是 <code>int(*)[3]</code>。</li></ul></div>`,251),R=[L];function J(M,G,X,K,V,Y){return a(),i("div",null,R)}const ss=s(Z,[["render",J]]);export{Q as __pageData,ss as default};
|